生物有机肥对苹果幼苗生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of Biological Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Apple Seedlings

作　　者：魏宝融 李发康 缪平 王桢予 WEI Baorong;LI Fakang;MIU Ping;WANG Zhenyu(Gansu Construction Investment Ecological Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃建投生态建设集团有限公司,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2023年第1期33-37,共5页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：黄河流域平凉市灵台县林草生态扶贫建设项目独店镇姚景项目区经济林建设一期工程。

摘　　要：【目的】目前化学肥料过量的使用已对环境造成了极大的危害,生物有机肥的合理使用成为了新的趋势。苹果幼苗生长过程中施加生物有机肥可以促进幼苗的生长,为明确施加不同肥料对苹果幼苗的生物量和生理特性的影响而进行了该项试验。【方法】采用1年生‘烟富10号’苹果幼苗为试验材料,设置4个处理,CK单一施加化学肥料,T1单一施加微生物菌肥,T2单一施加牛粪,T3混合施加50%菌肥+50%牛粪。【结果】施加有机肥可以增加苹果幼苗株高、根长、百叶重,T3处理后株高、根长、百叶重、叶面积均为最高,较CK分别增长了12.55%、26.09%、9.88%,但叶面积无明显差异;施加有机肥可以促进苹果幼苗促进N和K的吸收,较CK分别增加了8.33%和14.75%,P含量无明显变化;施加有机肥可以还可以降低MAD含量,T3处理后,MAD含量较CK含量降低了41.56%;施加有机肥后可以提高叶片SPAD值,增加相关酶活性和根系活力,T3处理后,SPAD值、POD活性、CAT活性、SOD活性和根系活力均为最高,较CK分别增高了10.75%、34.04%、36.65%、19.95%、20.40%。而T1和T2处理后对苹果幼苗的生物量及理化特性的影响次之。【结论】施加菌肥和有机肥后,可以增强幼苗根系的吸收、合成以及氧化还原能力,以获得更多的营养物质并提供给地上部分。【Objective】At present,the excessive use of chemical fertilizers has caused great harm to the environment,and the rational use of biological organic fertilizers has become a new trend.The application of bioorganic fertilizers during the growth of apple seedlings can promote the growth of the seedlings.The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different fertilizers on the biomass and physiological characteristics of apple seedlings.【Methods】One-year-old‘Yanfu 10’apple seedlings were used as experimental materials,and four treatments were set up.CK was applied with chemical fertilizer alone,T1 was applied with microbial fertilizer alone,T2 was applied with cow dung alone,and T3 was mixed with 50%bacterial fertilizer+50%cow dung.【Results】The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer could promote the plant height,root length and hundred leaf weight of apple seedlings.After T3 treatment,the plant height,root length,hundred leaf weight and leaf area were the highest,which increased by 12.55%,26.09%and 9.88%respectively compared with CK,but there was no significant difference in leaf area.The application of organic fertilizer could promote the absorption of N and K in apple seedlings,which increased by 8.33%and 14.75%respectively compared with CK,and there was no significant change in P content.The application of organic fertilizer can also reduce the content of MAD.After T3 treatment,the content of MAD decreased by 41.56%compared with CK.The application of organic fertilizer could increase the SPAD value of leaves,increase the activity of related enzymes and root activity.After T3 treatment,SPAD value,POD activity,CAT activity,SOD activity and root activity were the highest,which were 10.75%,34.04%,36.65%,19.95%and 20.40%higher than CK,respectively.The effects of T1 and T2 treatments on the biomass and physicochemical properties of apple seedlings were secondary.【Conclusion】The application of bacterial fertilizer and organic fertilizer can enhance the absorption,synthe

关 键 词：苹果幼苗 生物有机肥 生物量 生理特性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]