铁路到达重车超卸车能力分级预警机制研究  

Research on Graded Early Warning Mechanism for Over-Limit Unloading Capacity of Arriving Loaded Railway Vehicles

作　　者：刘志新 张璐 桂欣 秦志鹏 LIU Zhixin;ZHANG Lu;GUI Xin;QIN Zhipeng(Traffic Control Center,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;Transport Planning and Research Institute,China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国家铁路集团有限公司运输调度指挥中心,北京100844 [2]中国铁路设计集团有限公司交通运输规划研究院,天津300308

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2022年第12期17-22,共6页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(N2020X007)。

摘　　要：随着铁路货运组织改革的不断深入,加快货物周转效率、提高客户服务质量的要求日益提高。立足运输调度视角,着眼于解决卸车端卸车能力掌握不足、车流推算存在短板、预警调整机制尚未形成等问题,研究超卸车能力的分级预警成为提升铁路货物运输组织水平的重要途径。依据铁路调度组织的特点,从卸车能力分析、到重车流推算、分级预警机制、优化调整策略4个层面出发,研究卸车能力与重车推算到达的能力适应性,基于卸车过程和重车到达过程,分析预警分级、预警发布、调整策略的实施和优化等问题,构建了一套持续改进、动态调整的到达重车超卸车能力的分级预警机制,实现了车站、铁路局集团公司、国铁集团三级对超卸车能力的掌握,对日常调度指挥工作起到辅助决策的作用。As the reform in the organization of railway freight transportation deepens, the demand for higher efficiency of cargo turnover and better quality of customer service is increasingly rising. From the perspective of transportation dispatching, this study focused on solving the problems such as insufficient control of the unloading capacity at the unloading end, shortcomings in vehicle fow calculation, and the absence of an early warning adjustment mechanism. The study on graded early warning of over-limit unloading capacity has become an important means to improve the organization of railway freight transportation. According to the characteristics of railway dispatching organization, the adaptability of the unloading capacity to the estimation of arriving loaded vehicles was investigated from perspectives of unloading capacity analysis, estimation of arriving loaded vehicles, early warning grading, and adjustment strategy optimization. On the basis of the unloading and arriving processes of loaded vehicles, the implementation and optimization of early warning grading and release, as well as adjustment strategy, were explored. As a result, a graded early warning mechanism for the over-limit unloading capacity of arriving loaded vehicles was built, which could be continuously improved and dynamically adjusted. This enables the three-level mastery of the over-limit unloading capacity, namely, railway stations, local railway groups, and China State Railway Group, which plays an auxiliary role in decision-making for daily dispatching and command.

关 键 词：重车 货运调度 运输调整 分级预警 优化策略 

分 类 号：U294.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]