面向碳达峰的电煤运输与采购问题研究  

Research on Electric Coal Transportation and Purchasing Issues Concerning Carbon Peak

作　　者：王新月 马晓凤[1,2] WANG Xinyue;MA Xiaofeng(Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,Hubei,China;National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学智能交通系统研究中心,湖北武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学国家水运安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2022年第12期62-69,共8页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51678461)。

摘　　要：为了使火力发电在2030年前实现碳达峰,假设在收取碳税的前提下,研究火电企业利润最大的采购方案,综合考虑煤炭购买、运输、使用3个阶段的费用与碳排放量,建立多式联运路径优化-碳排放模型,以企业利润最大为目标函数,用Python求解在途成本最小的路径,用Lingo求解煤炭的最优采购方案。选取南京为需求点,包头、神木等地为供应点验证模型的有效性。结果表明:南京市的最优供煤点为朔州与大同,铁水联运比铁路运输更符合经济环保的要求;碳税占总费用的17.5%左右,碳排放强度约为1 100 g/(kW·h),远高于“十三五”提出的“大型发电集团单位供电二氧化碳排放控制在550 g/(kW·h)以内”的目标;对南京市火电行业碳达峰进行分析,发现南京市清洁电力的年平均发展速度至少为7.161%才能在2030年底之前实现火电行业碳达峰的目标。To make thermal power generation reach a carbon peak by 2030, this paper assumed a carbon tax collection scenario and studied procurement schemes that could bring the greatest profit to the thermal power industry. Furthermore, the paper comprehensively considered the cost and carbon emissions in three stages: coal purchase, transportation, and use, and established a route optimization-carbon emission model with multimodal transportation. The objective function was to maximize the profit of the industry, and Python and Lingo were used to solve the most economical transportation route and the optimal procurement scheme, respectively. Nanjing was selected as the coal demand point, while Baotou, Shenmu, and other places were selected as coal supply points to verify the effectiveness of the model. The results show that Shuozhou and Datong are the optimal coal supply points of Nanjing, and combined railway and waterway transportation is more economical and environmentally friendly than single railway transportation. Carbon tax accounts for about 17.5% of the total cost, and the carbon emission intensity is about 1100 g/(kW · h), which is much higher than the target proposed in the “13 th Five-Year Plan” that the carbon dioxide emissions of large power generation groups should be controlled within 550 g/(kW · h). The carbon peak trend in the thermal power industry in Nanjing was analyzed, and the result shows that the annual average development speed of clean power should be at least 7.161% so that the thermal power industry can achieve carbon peak by the end of 2030.

关 键 词：煤炭运输 碳达峰 火力发电 煤炭采购 路径优化 

分 类 号：U116.2[交通运输工程]