中老铁路磨万段客票定价方案研究  

Research on Ticket Pricing Scheme for Boten-Vientiane Section of China-Laos Railway

作　　者：张南 孙红林 王文乾 ZHANG Nan;SUN Honglin;WANG Wenqian(Transport and Urban Planning and Design Research Institute,China Railway Eryuan Engineer Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;Academy of Global Governance&Area Studies,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,Sichuan,China;Beijing Zhongtieke Traffic&Transport Technology Co.,Ltd.,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司交通与城市规划设计研究院,四川成都610031 [2]四川师范大学全球治理与区域国别研究院,四川成都610066 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司北京中铁科信息技术有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2022年第12期112-117,共6页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(22CMZ009)。

摘　　要：铁路票价制定策略是旅客运输组织的核心问题,在详细调研老挝运输市场的基础上,结合中老铁路磨万段运输组织简单、委托运营过渡、财务自负盈亏等运营特点,从铁路运营成本和运输市场竞争关系2个层面,对中老铁路磨万段客票定价进行分析,采用基于广义费用的Logit模型拟合出不同运输距离下同通道内航空、公路和铁路3种运输方式随铁路定价调整时的客运分担率变化情况,从而得出中老铁路磨万段分担率优势定价区间,并比较老挝相邻国家铁路票价,进行定价合理性分析,在此基础上,从基准票价与执行票价相结合、多币种收费防范金融风险、建立健全票价调整机制3个角度,提出中老铁路票价执行方案和调整对策,为“一带一路”境外铁路项目客票定价提供决策参考。The ticket pricing strategy of railways is the core issue of passenger transport organization. Upon the detailed survey of the transport markets in Laos and given the operating characteristics of the Boten-Vientiane Section of the China-Laos Railway such as the simple organization, entrusted operation transition, and financial responsibility for its profits and losses, this paper analyzed the pricing of the Boten-Vientiane Section in terms of railway operation costs and competition relationships among transport markets. The Logit model based on generalized costs was used to fit the changes in the sharing rates of passenger transport by air, highway, and railway in the same corridor with the adjustment to railway pricing under different transport distances, and the price range of the dominant sharing rate for the BotenVientiane Section was obtained. In addition, this paper compared the railway ticket price of the neighboring countries of Laos to analyze the rationality of pricing. The implementation scheme and adjustment strategies of the Boten-Vientiane Section were proposed from three perspectives, i.e., combining the benchmark ticket price with the implementation ticket price, preventing financial risks by multi-currency charges, and establishing and improving the ticket-price adjustment mechanism, which can provide a reference for overseas railway projects under the Belt and Road Initiative.

关 键 词：中老铁路 “一带一路” 客运分担率 境外铁路 票价制定对策 

分 类 号：F530.5[经济管理—产业经济]