安庆市2015—2021年血吸虫病监测点疫情分析  

Epidemiological analysis of schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Anqing City from 2015 to 2021

作　　者：钱昕 丁平[1] 何结宝[1] 储琼 王星 QIAN Xin;DING Ping;HE Jie-bao;CHU Qiong;WANG Xing(Anqing Institute of schistosomiasis control,Anhui 246003,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆市血吸虫病防治所,安徽246003

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2022年第6期478-481,共4页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析2015—2021年安庆市血吸虫病监测数据,了解血吸虫病疫情动态,为制定有效防控措施提供科学依据。方法 按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案》2014版和2020年版要求,2015—2021年开展本地和流动人群、家畜、螺情等监测。分析人群血吸虫感染水平以及螺情。结果 2015—2021年,本地人群血检阳性率从4.29%降到1.22%,流动人群血检阳性率从1.90%降至0.00%;粪检阳性仅在2015年本地人群中发现1例。共开展家畜检查1 098头次,未发现阳性。累计查螺面积11 287.44 hm^(2),调查框数233 689,活螺框出现率和活螺平均密度除2021年稍有上升外呈下降趋势;钉螺镜检未发现阳性,2020年和2021年环介导等温扩增技术检测发现阳性混合样本1份和5份。共检获野粪1 384份,未发现阳性。结论 安庆市血吸虫病疫情降至历史最低水平,但流行因素依然存在,应继续落实以传染源控制为主的综合防控策略,加强和完善血吸虫病监测体系建设。Objective To analyze the surveillance data of schistosomiasis in Anqing City from 2015 to 2021, to understand the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis, and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures.Methods In accordance with the requirements of the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Program 2014 and 2020, the surveillance of local and floating population, livestock, oncomelania situation were carried out from 2015 to 2021.The level of schistosome infection in the population and the oncomelania situation were analyzed.Results From 2015 to 2021, the positive rate of blood test in local population decreased from 4. 29% to 1. 22%, and that in floating population decreased from 1. 90% to 0. 00%. Only one case of positive fecal test was found in the local population in 2015. A total of 1 098 livestock inspections were carried out, and no positive results were found. The accumulative oncomelania investigation area was 11 287. 44 hm^(2), and the number of investigation frames was 233 689. The occurrence rate of live oncomelania frames and the average density of live oncomelania showed a downward trend except for a slight increase in 2021. No positive results were found in oncomelania microscopic examination. In 2020 and 2021, 1 and 5 positive mixed samples were found by loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology. A total of 1 384 samples of wild feces were detected, and no positive results were found.Conclusion The epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Anqing City has dropped to the lowest level in history, but the epidemic factors still exist. The comprehensive prevention and control strategy focusing on the control of infectious sources should continue to be implemented, and the construction of schistosomiasis surveillance system should be strengthened and improved.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 监测 病情 钉螺 自然疫源性传染病 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]