降水产流同位素径流分割研究进展与展望  

Research progress and prospects of isotopic hydrograph separation in rainfall-runoff generation

作　　者：蔺铭益 金钊[1,3] 余云龙[4] LIN Mingyi;JIN Zhao;YU Yunlong(State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710061,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change,Xi’an 710061,China;Academy of Data Science and Informetrics,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710061 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院第四纪科学与全球变化卓越创新中心,西安710061 [4]杭州电子科技大学数据科学与信息计量研究院,杭州310018

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2022年第6期667-678,共12页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB40000000);国家自然科学基金项目(41790444)。

摘　　要：降水产流是陆地水循环中大气降水补给地表水的重要环节。氢氧稳定同位素的指纹效应能够有效示踪径流的补给来源、路径和地理区域。同位素径流分割模型已从二元分割逐渐发展到三元乃至多元分割模型,多学科交叉也逐渐丰富了径流分割研究的方法体系。本文对同位素径流分割在降水产流中的应用进展作了总结分析,介绍了环境同位素(^(2)H和^(18)O)在降水产流研究中的应用现状、存在的不确定性以及处理误差的方法和应用特点。最后对环境同位素在径流分割领域的应用前景进行了论述,提出环境同位素结合GIS、InSAR、ERT等地球物理方法,将进一步深化流域水文要素时空变化的研究。Background,aim,and scope Rainfall runoff is an important part of the replenishment of surface water in the terrestrial water cycle.Over the past few decades,global patterns and rainfall extremes have been altered by climate change,which has significantly affected the regional hydrological cycle,especially rainfall-runoff events.Extreme rainfall-runoff events have become more frequent,resulting in a series of flood and landslide disasters.Separating the sources of water in extreme runoff is crucially important for understanding the mechanisms of storm runoff generation.Currently,environmental isotopes,e.g.,stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen,are useful tools in tracing the water sources of surface runoff,while there are still many problems that should be further discussed.This paper aims to review the advancements and shortcomings of the isotopic hydrograph separation method and provide prospects and suggestions for this research field.Materials and methods We focused on the basic principle of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope tracing.The deficiencies of isotope hydrograph separation of runoff sources were summarized based on theoretical advances and bibliometric methods in this study,and we explored the application prospects of environmental isotopes in runoff source separation.Results We showed that(1)the binary mixed model has difficulty reflecting the real contribution of water sources to stream runoff,especially during rainstorm processes,while the ternary mixed model can be used to effectively divide the contribution ratios of each water source.(2)Isotope fractionation is a major cause of errors in identifying the water sources of stream runoff.In large watersheds,uncertainties will significantly increase,which makes it difficult to control research errors.(3)Errors on a time scale can be handled by models such as VWA,CMW,and RunCE,but the calculation range is expanded in the VWA method,and the risk of subjective judgment errors exists in the CMW method.In contrast,the RunCE model can be used to effectiv

关 键 词：环境同位素 径流分割 误差处理 地球物理方法 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]