短视频版权共享模式下在线音乐的侵权治理研究--基于交易成本理论  

Research on Governance of Online Music Infringement Based on Transaction Costs Theory

作　　者：王田 孙晔 WANG Tian;SUN Ye(School of Languages and Communication Studies,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;School of Culture and Communication,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学语言与传播学院,北京100044 [2]首都经济贸易大学文化与传播学院,北京100070

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第1期62-71,共10页Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“互联网时代的媒体估值:现状、困境与模型构造研究”(项目编号:19YJC860040)。

摘　　要：随着抖音、快手等短视频社交软件的风靡,近年来在线音乐版权的市场价值也被充分激发;然而在“平台一次购买、用户免费使用”的音乐版权共享的模式下,在线音乐侵权行为不减反增。本研究聚焦版权共享模式下在线音乐的侵权治理问题,运用交易成本理论,将在线音乐侵权频发视为版权交易市场失灵的外在表现,认为过高的交易成本是侵权频发的制度性成因,关注如何降低交易成本以提高侵权治理效率。具体来说,研究首先基于短视频平台入局后在线音乐版权交易的市场格局,考察版权共享模式对于在线音乐版权的“与市场交易直接相关的”交易成本及交易达成难度的影响;又基于音乐具有强烈的文化属性,将社会文化语境作为考量,探讨“与文化、制度设计相关的”交易成本对于侵权行为的诱发作用;最后从降低交易成本的角度提出侵权治理策略,认为守门人制度、一站式音乐集体管理系统、证据开示制度等的推行,将有助于理顺在线音乐版权交易的成本关系,规范音乐需求方的版权使用行为,从而促进音乐版权产业的可持续发展。With the popularity of short video social applications such as Tiktok and Kwai, online music copyright consumption has entered the era of copyright sharing. However, under the mode of music copyright sharing, which means that the platform pays for a license to use music while platform users can share that license with the platform and other users for free, the number of music infringement cases has increased. This study focuses on the online music infringement governance in the short video era, taking the frequent infringement of online music as the result of the failure of the price adjustment mechanism of the copyright transaction market, and creatively introduces the transaction cost theory into the online music infringement research. Based on the practice of the copyright trading market, the research discusses the transaction cost of online music copyright market from the perspective of market structure. Taking the social and cultural context as a consideration, this study explores the inducing effect of implicit transaction costs on infringement from the perspective of cultural concepts and legal systems.Finally, the study proposes infringement governance strategies from reducing the transaction costs and reducing implicit transaction costs. The norms of “gatekeeper” behavior, the stop music collective management system and the evidence discovery system will help to straighten out the cost relationships of online music copyright transactions and standardize the market behavior of copyright demand sides, thus promoting the sustainable development of music copyright industry.

关 键 词：在线音乐 版权共享 交易成本 垄断势力 守门人制度 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]