陕甘宁边区的摊贩治理与历史镜鉴  

The Management of Vendors in the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region and the Mirror of History

作　　者：杨东[1] 牛泽林 YANG Dong;NIU Ze-lin(School of Marxism,Tianjin Commerce University,Tianjin 300134,China;School of Government,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学马克思主义学院,天津300134 [2]南京大学政府管理学院,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第1期82-91,共10页Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“近代中国乡村建设资料编年整理与研究(1901—1949)”(项目编号:17ZDA198)。

摘　　要：近代中国的摊贩是城乡并存的社会群体,陕甘宁边区摊贩的结构成分则较为复杂,来源亦各不相同,同时又处于发展变化之中。摊贩固然承载着边区社会商贸发展的重要功能,但摊贩业的发展也旋即出现了不容忽视的问题面相。边区政府一方面根据具体实际制定摊贩整理和生产就业相结合的方针以及摊贩从业认定标准,通过具体步骤开展摊贩整理,另一方面又引导其适应战时局面,将其置于新民主主义政权的调控之下,促进陕甘宁边区的稳固与发展。回观和对比近代中国的摊贩治理,同样的难题,实际治理成效却大相径庭。其中的症结与其说是执政能力问题,毋宁说是执政理念问题。察其渊源,观其流变,在历史与现实的相互交织中,曾经的历史依然是当下至为宝贵的镜鉴。In modern China, vendors were social group coexisting in urban and rural areas. The structure of vendors in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region was more complex, with different sources, and they were also undergoing development and changes. Vendors certainly play an important role in the social and commercial development of the border area, but the development of the vendor industry has immediately brought problems that cannot be ignored. The border region government has formulated the policy of combining the arrangement of vendors with production and employment, as well as the certification standards for vendors’ employment, and has also carried out the arrangement of vendors through specific steps. On the other hand, the border region government guides it to adapt to the wartime situation on the one hand, and places it under the control of the new democratic regime on the other hand to promote the stability and development of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region. Looking back and comparing the management of vendors in modern China, the problems seem to be the same, but the results of actual governance are quite different. The crux of it is not so much a problem of governing ability, but rather a question of governing ideals. It is necessary to observe its origin and its evolution. In the interweaving of history and reality, the past history is still the most precious mirror of the present.

关 键 词：摊贩 陕甘宁边区 社会治理 

分 类 号：K269.5[历史地理—历史学]