固体绝缘材料中空间电荷的主要影响因素及抑制方法  

Main Influence Factors and Suppression Methods of Space Charge in Solid Insulation Materials

作　　者：孟兆通 张昌海 迟庆国[1] 张天栋 MENG Zhaotong;ZHANG Changhai;CHI Qingguo;ZHANG Tiandong(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第1期29-37,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(ZD2020E009)。

摘　　要：空间电荷一直是影响固体绝缘材料电气性能的关键因素。空间电荷的存在会造成聚合物中电场分布不均匀,加速绝缘材料老化,甚至导致材料发生击穿破坏。本文论述了固体绝缘材料中空间电荷积聚的影响因素,指出空间电荷的积累与外加电场(电场强度、电场类型、预电压效应、极性反转等)、温度(高温、温度梯度、低温)、应力、介质结构(交联程度、绝缘厚度)等密切相关,从电极材料、表面改性、掺杂填料(形貌、尺寸、种类、含量)等方面总结了空间电荷积聚的抑制方法,还论述了空间电荷积聚与抑制的相关机制,其中基于陷阱理论的空间电荷输运机理仍需进一步深入研究。The space charge has been a key factor to affect the electrical properties of solid insulation materials.The existence of space charge can cause uneven electric field distribution in polymer,accelerate the aging of insulating materials,and even lead to the breakdown of materials.This paper summarizes the influence factors of space charge accumulation in solid insulation materials,and points out that the accumulation of space charge is closely related to the applied electric field(effects of electric field,electric field type,pre-applied voltage and polarity reversal,etc.),temperature(high temperature,temperature gradient,low temperature),stress,and structure of the dielectrics(such as crosslinking degree,insulation thickness).The suppressed methods to space charge accumulation were summarized from the aspects of electrode materials,surface modification and doping fillers(morphology,size,type and content).The relevant mechanisms of space charge accumulation and suppression are discussed,and the space charge transport mechanism based on trap theory still needs to be further studied.

关 键 词：空间电荷 极性反转 电荷积聚 表面改性 电极材料 

分 类 号：TM215[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]