鱼腥草炭疽病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选  

Pathogen identification and indoor fungicides screening of Houttuynia cordata Thumb. anthracnose

作　　者：周洁 吴金平[1,2] 王明安 齐传东 邓红军 文生巧[5] 郭凤领 ZHOU Jie;WU Jin-ping;WANG Ming-an;QI Chuan-dong;DENG Hong-jun;WEN Sheng-qiao;GUO Feng-ling(Institute of Economic Crops,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Vegetable Service Center of Fangxian County in Shiyan City,Shiyan,Hubei 442100,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center in Yichang City,Yichang,Hubei 443000,China;Wuhan Customs of the People’s Republic of China,Wuhan,Hubei 430040,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北省蔬菜种质创新与遗传改良重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]湖北省十堰市房县蔬菜服务中心,湖北十堰442100 [4]宜昌市农业技术推广中心,湖北宜昌443000 [5]中华人民共和国武汉海关,湖北武汉430040

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2022年第10期2919-2927,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-24-G-17);湖北省农业科技创新中心创新团队项目(2021-620-000-001-007)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确鱼腥草炭疽病病原菌种类,筛选出有效的防治药剂,为鱼腥草炭疽病大田防治提供参考。【方法】采用组织分离法对湖北省宜昌市当阳市两河镇鱼腥草炭疽病病原菌进行分离,基于柯赫氏法则进行病原菌致病性测定,并对病原菌的ITS、GAPDH、TUB2、ACT和CAL基因序列进行扩增,结合多基因序列分析和形态学特征对病原菌进行种类鉴定,利用菌丝生长速率法测定病原菌生物学特性和5种常用杀菌剂对病原菌的室内毒力。【结果】从病叶样本中共分离获得6株菌株,选取具有代表性的菌株YXC26进行形态特征和致病性测定。致病性测定结果显示菌株YXC26为鱼腥草炭疽病致病菌。结合菌株YXC26形态观察和多基因序列分析结果,确定菌株YXC26为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)。菌株YXC26生物学特性测定结果显示,菌株YXC26菌丝生长的最适pH为6,最佳碳源为麦芽糖和葡萄糖,最佳氮源为酵母提取物和牛肉浸粉,菌丝致死温度为53℃处理10 min。5种供试杀菌剂中,50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂对菌株YXC26菌丝生长的抑制效果最好,其抑制中浓度(EC50)为0.04 mg/L;其次为25%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂,其EC50为0.14 mg/L;62%嘧环·咯菌腈水分散粒剂的EC50为1.16 mg/L,抑制效果也较好;30%甲霜噁霉灵水剂和250 g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂的EC50均超过30.00 mg/L,抑制效果较差。【结论】湖北省宜昌市当阳市两河镇鱼腥草炭疽病病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌。50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂、25%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂和62%嘧环·咯菌腈水分散粒剂对鱼腥草炭疽病菌菌丝生长均有较好的抑制作用,可作为鱼腥草炭疽病田间防治的候选药剂。【Objective】To identify the pathogen and screen out effective control agents for anthracnose of Houttuynia cordata Thumb.,so as to provide reference for field control of this disease.【Method】Tissue separation method was used to isolate the pathogen of anthracnose of H.cordata in Lianghe Town,Dangyang City,Hubei Province.Pathogenicity of the pathogen was determined based on Koch’s rule.The sequences of ITS,GAPDH,TUB2,ACT and CAL in the pathogen were amplified respectively.The pathogen was identified based on multi-gene sequence analysis and morphologica characteristics.The biological characteristics of pathogen and indoor toxicity of 5 common fungicides against the pathogen were determined by the method of mycelial growth rate.【Result】A total of 6 strains were isolated from diseased leaf samples,and the representative strain YXC26 was selected for morphological characteristics and pathogenicity determination The pathogenicity test showed that YXC26 was the pathogen causing anthracnose of H.cordata Thumb.The strain YXC26was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by morphological observation and multi-gene sequence analysis.The results of biological characteristics determination of strain YXC26 showed that the optimum pH was 6,the best carbon sources were maltose and glucose,and the best nitrogen sources were yeast extract and beef dipping powder.The lethal condition of mycelium was incubated at 53℃for 10 min.Among the 5 tested agents,50%carbendazim wettable powder(WP)had the best inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of strain YXC26,with EC50value of 0.04 mg/L,followed by25%pyraclostrobin suspending concentration(SC),and its EC50value was 0.14 mg/L.The EC50value of 62%pyrimidine·fludioxonil water dispersible granule(WDG)was 1.16 mg/L,and the inhibitory effect was acceptable.The EC50values of30%methamphetamine aqueous solution(SL)and 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC both exceeded 30.00 mg/L,which had low inhibitory effect.【Conclusion】The pathogen of anthracnose of H.cordata Thumb.in Lianghe Town,Dan

关 键 词：鱼腥草 炭疽病 病原菌鉴定 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]