黑龙江省东部山区西伯利亚红松种源引种试验初步评价  

Preliminary evaluation on the introduction test of Pinus siberia provenance in theeastern mountainous area of Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China

作　　者：计家宝 宋淑媛 李开隆[1] 刘桂丰[1] Ji Jiabao;Song Shuyuan;Li Kailong;Liu Guifeng(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2023年第1期70-77,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2572019DA03)。

摘　　要：【目的】西伯利亚红松是材果兼优的珍贵树种,主要分布于俄罗斯境内的寒温带地区,种内变异丰富。开展不同种源引种试验,选出优良种源,为后期的大规模引种造林提供依据。【方法】依据该树种的种源区划,在主要种源区的7个采种点采集种子,育苗及造林按照完全随机区组试验设计。调查了7年生和9~18年生的树高,以及7、15和18年生的胸径,也调查了18年生时的保存率。针对调查的性状进行了种源间方差分析以及多重比较分析,估算了各性状的广义遗传力,开展了性状与造林地的温度、降水因子的相关性分析,进行了不同种源树高生长曲线模型拟合分析等。【结果】方差分析结果表明:各种源间生长性状的差异大都达到极显著水平,变异系数在17%~65%之间,大多在25%左右,树高性状变异系数基本呈现随着年龄增加而逐渐减小的趋势。各项性状的广义遗传力较高,大多数在70%以上。当年高生长量与造林地的温度、降水相关分析表明:造林地的温度是影响高生长的主要因子,较高的年均温、3月及7月均温,不但促进西伯利亚红松当年高生长,尤其明显促进第2年的生长。树高曲线模型拟合分析和多重比较分析均表明:在引进的各西伯利亚红松种源中,托木斯克种源、乌兰乌德种源表现突出,被确定为优良种源,其树高和胸径的遗传增益分别为6.73%和3.09%、4.68%和9.50%。【结论】西伯利亚红松种源间的生长性状存在明显变异,造林地的温度是影响高生长的主要因子,较高的温度不但对当年高生长有利,也明显促进第2年的高生长;基于各种源树高曲线及多重比较,选择托木斯克种源和乌兰乌德种源为优良种源。[Objective]Pinus sibirica is a precious tree species with excellent wood and fruit.It is mainly distributed in the cold and temperate zone of Russia,with rich intraspecific variation.The introduction experiments of different provenances were carried out to select excellent provenances,so as to provide basis for large-scale introduction and afforestation in China in the later stage.[Method]According to the provenance division of the tree species,seeds were collected at 7 seed collection points in the main provenance area.The seedling raising and afforestation were designed according to the completely randomized block experiment.We investigated the tree height of 7 years old and 9−18 years old,and the DBH of 7,15 and 18 years old.What’s more,the 18-year-old preservation rate was also investigated.For the investigated characters,the analysis of variance and multiple comparative analysis among provenances were carried out.The generalized heritability of each character was estimated.The correlation analysis between the characters and the temperature and precipitation factors of afforestation site was carried out,and the tree height growth curve model fitting analysis of different provenances was carried out.[Result]The results of variance analysis showed that the differences of growth traits among various provenances mostly reached a very significant level,and the coefficient of variation was between 17%–65%,mostly about 25%.The coefficient of variation of tree height traits basically showed a trend of gradually decreasing with the increase of age.The broad heritability of all traits was high,most of which were more than 70%.The correlation analysis between the height growth in the current year and the temperature and precipitation of the afforestation site showed that the temperature of afforestation site was the main factor affecting the height growth.The higher annual average temperature,March and July average temperature not only promoted the height growth of Pinus sibirica in the current year,but also signi

关 键 词：西伯利亚红松 引种 种源试验 优良种源选择 

分 类 号：S791.247[农业科学—林木遗传育种]