绝经后子宫内膜息肉患者的临床病理特征及超声影像学变化分析  

Clinicopathological features and ultrasonographic changes of postmenopausal endometrial polyps

作　　者：邱文风[1] 卢云涛[1] 聂颖[1] 夏蓉晖 秦冬颖[1] 李素英[1] 程珏 QIU Wenfeng;LU Yuntao;NIE Ying;XIA Ronghui;QIN Dongying;LI Suying;CHENG Jue(Beijing Jiaotong University Hospital,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学医院,北京100044

出　　处：《中国妇产科临床杂志》2023年第1期46-48,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的 分析绝经后子宫内膜息肉患者的临床病理特征以及超声影像学变化。方法 选取2020年2月至2021年2月北京交通大学医院收治的绝经后子宫内膜息肉患者1 200例,根据病理诊断将息肉良性病变患者纳为良性组(1 141例),将息肉癌前病变及恶变患者纳为恶性组(59例)。比较两组患者的临床病理特征和超声影像特征,并分析影响绝经后子宫内膜息肉癌变病变及恶变的因素。结果 1 200例绝经后子宫内膜息肉患者病理诊断结果显示,良性子宫内膜息肉患者1 141例(95.08%),恶性子宫内膜息肉患者59例(4.92%)。体重指数、绝经前月经规律性、绝经后出血以及绝经后出血次数、内膜体积、息肉直径在两组患者中比较差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);超重、绝经前月经不规律、绝经后出血、绝经后出血次数≥2、内膜体积以及息肉直径均是绝经后子宫内膜息肉发生癌前病变及恶变的危险因素。结论 绝经后子宫内膜息肉患者多为良性病变,恶性病变率低,且患者超重、绝经前月经不规律、绝经后出血≥2次、内膜体积偏大以及息肉直径明显增加均是子宫内膜息肉发生癌前病变及恶变的危险因素。Objective To analyze clinicopathological features and ultrasonic imaging changes of postmenopausal endometrial polyps.Methods 1 200 postmenopausal endometrial polyps treated in Beijing Jiaotong University Hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected.According to the pathological diagnosis,the patients were included into the benign group with benign polyps(1 141 cases),and the malignant group with precancerous polyps and malignant changes(59 cases).The clinicopathological and ultrasonic features of the two groups were compared,and the factors affecting the cancerization and malignant transformation of postmenopausal endometrial polyps were analyzed.Results The pathological diagnosis results of1200 postmenopausal patients with endometrial polyps showed that 1 141 patients(95.08%) had benign endometrial polyps and59 patients(4.92%) had malignant endometrial polyps.There were significant differences in body mass index,premenopausal menstrual regularity,postmenopausal bleeding,the number of postmenopausal bleeding,intimal volume and polyp diameter between the two groups(P <0.05).Overweight,irregular premenopausal menstruation,postmenopausal bleeding,the number of postmenopausal bleeding≥2,endometrial volume and polyp diameter are all risk factors for precancerous lesions and malignant transformation of postmenopausal endometrial polyps.Conclusions Postmenopausal patients with endometrial polyps are mostly benign lesions,and the rate of malignant lesions is low.Overweight,irregular menstruation before menopause,bleeding≥2 times after menopause,large endometrial volume and significant increase in polyp diameter are all risk factors for precancerous lesions and malignant transformation of endometrial polyps.

关 键 词：绝经后 子宫内膜息肉 临床病理 超声影像 

分 类 号：R711.74[医药卫生—妇产科学]