少数民族和汉族大学生BMI对进食障碍影响的路径分析  

Path analysis of the effect of BMI on eating disorders inethnic minorities and Han nationality college students

作　　者：李平[1] 朱岚 唐凌峰 肖成汉[1] 姜侠 张本[1] 刘振谧[1] LI Ping;ZHU Lan;TANG Ling-feng;XIAO Cheng-han;JIANG Xia;ZHANG Ben;LIU Zhen-mi(West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学教育学与心理学学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第1期80-85,90,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81874283)。

摘　　要：目的研究少数民族和汉族大学生BMI(body mass index)通过体形不满、抑郁、负性情绪对进食障碍的影响路径,为不同民族大学生进食障碍筛查和干预提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取的3482名成都市5所高校在校大学生进行进食相关问卷调查。采用倾向得分匹配法对少数民族和汉族大学生进行1:1匹配以平衡两组样本间基本人口学特征的差异,并采用路径模型分析方法检验各变量的中介效应。结果进食障碍得分显示13.9%的大学生可能有进食障碍问题,少数民族和汉族大学生中可能患进食障碍的人群占比相近,其差异无显著的统计学意义(P=0.968)。少数民族大学生BMI可正向预测进食障碍(β=0.12,95%CI:0.05~0.18),其中体形不满和抑郁的中介效应占33.3%。汉族大学生体形不满和抑郁在BMI与进食障碍间起完全中介作用(β=0.06,95%CI:0.04~0.09),且负性情绪可以直接影响进食障碍(β=0.07,95%CI:0.01~0.12)。结论大学生进食障碍问题较为严峻,在少数民族和汉族大学生群体中,BMI均可正向预测进食障碍,且体形不满、抑郁在两者间起中介作用。Objective To explore the path net linking BMI and eating disorders for ethnic minorities and Han nationality college students,thus providing a scientific basis for the screening and intervention of eating disorders in college students among different nationalities.Methods 3482 college students from 5 universities in Chengdu were recruited by stratified cluster random sampling method.The propensity score matching method was used to balance the differences between ethnic minorities and Han nationality college students in demographic characteristics.Then,path models were fitted to build the path net linking BMI and eating disorders.Results The EAT-26 score showed that 13.9%of college students may have eating disorders.The percentage of ethnic minorities and Han college students who were likely to have eating disorders was similar,and the differences were not statistically significant(P=0.968).For ethnic minorities students,BMI positively predicted eating disorders(β=0.12,95%CI:0.05-0.18),and 33.3%of the effect was mediated by body dissatisfaction and depression.For Han nationality college students,body dissatisfaction and depression played a complete mediating role between BMI and eating disorders(β=0.06,95%CI:0.04-0.09),and negative emotions could directly affect eating disorders(β=0.07,95%CI:0.01-0.12).Conclusion The prevalence of eating disorders is relatively high in college students.BMI positively predicts eating disorders through body dissatisfaction and depression for both ethnic minorities and Han nationality college students.

关 键 词：BMI 进食障碍 大学生 不同民族 路径分析 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]