新冠核酸采样安全间隔时间的探索研究  

Exploration on the safe time interval of COVID-19 nucleic acid sampling

作　　者：王进 刘济洲 赵翔宇 丛威 王泽娟 王志忠[1] 李晓东[2] 刘会 WANG Jin;LIU Ji-zhou;ZHAO Xiang-yu;CONG Wei;WANG Ze-juan;WANG Zhi-zhong;LI Xiao-dong;LIU Hui(Aerospace Center Hospital,Beijing,Beijing 100049,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]航天中心医院,北京100049 [2]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院 [3]北京四季青医院 [4]山东建筑大学热能工程学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第21期3993-3997,4025,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2021-1G-6081)。

摘　　要：目的探索两种常见新冠核酸采集场景下采样的安全间隔时间,为降低新冠核酸咽拭子采样过程中被检人员之间的交叉污染风险提供参考。方法采用基于计算流体力学的数值模拟和现场实验测量的研究方法,模拟和测试呼吸液滴从嘴部释放并在检测环境中扩散直至消失的过程,记录呼吸液滴消散所需时长。结果数值模拟数据与现场实验测量数据的统计结果呈现较明显的规律性;室外核酸检测采样的安全间隔时间与风力等级呈负相关;室内核酸检测采样的安全间隔时间在开门开窗的自然通风条件下最短,约为3min,其他门窗开闭情况(关门关窗、开门关窗和关门开窗)的安全间隔时间超过5min。结论为了降低被检人员间的交叉污染,室外检测棚中的核酸采样应遵循“一米间距,一分钟间隔”的“双一”规则,发热门诊核酸检采样建议采用专用、通风、具备基本感控设施和条件的房间。Objective To reduce the risk of cross-contamination among the tested personnel during the sampling process of the novel coronavirus nucleic acid throat swab test,and to promote the continuous improvement of the measures and strategies for the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus epidemic in China.Methods Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations and field measurements,the duration of the process of respiratory droplets being released from the mouth until diffusing and disappearing into the environment was acquired and recorded.Results The statistical results of the numerical simulation data and the field experimental measurement data showed obvious coherence.The safety time interval of outdoor nucleic acid sampling was negatively correlated with the wind level.The safety time interval of indoor nucleic acid sampling was the shortest under the natural ventilation conditions of open and open windows,which was about 3 minutes.The safety time interval of other ventilation conditions(closed doors and windows,open doors and closed windows,and closed doors and open windows)was more than 5 minutes.Conclusion In order to reduce the cross-contamination between the inspected personnel,the nucleic acid detection in the outdoor testing shed should follow the"double one"rule of"one meter spacing,one minute interval".The nucleic acid sampling room in the fever clinic is recommended to be dedicated,ventilated,and has basic sensor control facilities and conditions.

关 键 词：新冠 核酸采样 交叉污染 安全间隔时间 探索 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]