核电厂放射性废油核素分离处理技术及工程应用  

Nuclide separation technology and engineering application of radioactive oil for NPPs

作　　者：冯文东[1] 何小平[2] 安鸿翔[1] 邓才远[2] 贾梅兰[1] 万勇 高超[1] 柳兆峰[1] 王宇飞 FENG Wendong;HE Xiaoping;AN Hongxiang;DENG Caiyuan;JIA Meilan;WAN Yong;GAO Chao;LIU Zhaofeng;WANG Yufei(China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China;Daya Bay Nuclear Power Operations and Management Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518028,China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006 [2]大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司,深圳518028

出　　处：《核技术》2023年第1期8-15,共8页Nuclear Techniques

摘　　要：放射性废油是核电机组运行产生的有机“疑难废物”之一,针对该类废物开发了基于氧化老化法的核素分离净化处理工艺,研制一套放射性废油核素分离净化处理工程装置并实现了工程应用。结果表明:氧化老化工艺去污系数可达两个量级以上;使用工程装置处理后的废油达到清洁解控水平,可作为普通危险废物进行管理;处理后废油焚烧供热过程(包括运输)中可能造成的额外附加剂量远远低于剂量限值,满足再利用过程的剂量准则,符合废物最小化原则。[Background]Radioactive oil is one of the organic"difficult wastes"produced by the operation of nuclear power plants.[Purpose]This study aims to develop a nuclide separation and treatment technology for radioactive waste oil and explore engineering application.[Methods]First of all,a set of radioactive oil nuclide separation and purification treatment engineering equipments was developed and applied to obtain test samples collected from one NPP.Then a nuclide separation and purification process based on the oxidative aging method were developed.Finally,the high-purity germanium for nuclideγspectrometer was employed to measure(58)^Co,(60)^Co,(54)^Mn,(110m)^Ag,(137)^Cs,(134)^Cs,(124)^Sb,(125)^Sb,(59)^Fe,(95)^Zr,(95)^N,etc.,γnuclides,low background liquid scintillation counter was applied to the measurement of~3H and14C,and high sensitive automatic liquid scintillation counter was used to measure55Fe and63Ni.Totalαand totalβwere obtained by using low backgroundα/βmeasuring instrument.[Results and Conclusions]The results show that the decontamination coefficient of the oxidative aging process reaches more than 2 orders of magnitude;the radioactive oil treated by the engineering device amounts to the clearance level,hence can be managed as ordinary hazardous waste.The additional dose that may be caused in the process of incineration(including transportation)for the treated radioactive oil is far below the dose limits,which meets the dosage guidelines for reuse,and is in line with waste minimization principles.

关 键 词：核电厂 放射性废油 核素分离 工程应用 

分 类 号：TL941[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]