从顺应自然的视角重新认识内陆干旱草原各民族文化所隐含的生态哲理及其当代借鉴价值  

Let Nature Take Its Course: Reconceptualization of Ecological Philosophy and Contemporary Reference Value of Implied Culture of Various Ethnic Groups in the Inland Arid grassland

作　　者：达林太 乌力吉图 娜仁高娃 齐木德道尔吉 DA Lintai;WU Lijitu;NA Rengaowa;Qi Mudedaoerji

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学民族学社会学院,呼和浩特010010 [2]中央民族大学民族学社会学院,北京100081 [3]蒙古国国立大学国际关系学院 [4]内蒙古大学,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2023年第1期27-37,153,共12页Journal of Ethnic Culture

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“内蒙古农牧业产业组织体系研究”(2016JJD8008);联合国开发计划署北京办事处小额赠款项目“内蒙古包头市达茂旗社区草场可持续管理恢复社区弹性”(SGP Grant Project-CPR/ICCA-GSI-COVID/2021/04)。

摘　　要：追求人与自然和谐共生的目标,以求得人类自生的生存与发展,本是一切民族文化建构的根本性原则。古往今来,在我国北方和西北方内陆干旱草原上生息过的各民族,尽管所处的生存环境严酷而独特。但却在遵循这一原则上做出了极为相似的贡献,实现了游牧各民族民众共有共享,即通过长距离放牧、草场共享、快行浅牧、五畜合群、人际互助5大游牧原则。然而此前已有的相关研究,一方面深受民族学经典进化论习惯性思维限制,另一方面又受到固定农耕类型文化本位偏见干扰,以至于很难通过游牧生计的表象去揭示其间隐含的生态哲理。正值举国上下、万众一心投入生态文明建设的时代大背景下,从“尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然”的维度出发,重新认识内陆干旱草原各民族共有共享的文化事项,并从中提炼出其间隐含的生态智慧和生存逻辑。那么不仅可以深化民族学对游牧文化的理解,还可为当下生态文明建设提供借鉴和参考。The pursuit of the harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature is the fundamental prin⁃ciple of all nations for the survival and development.Throughout the ages,the various ethnic groups have inhab⁃ited the arid grasslands in the northern and northwestern interior of China.Despite the harsh and unique environ⁃ment in which they live,however,they have made very similar contributions in following this principle,realiz⁃ing to share resources with all other nomadic ethnic groups.There are five major nomadic principles:long-dis⁃tance grazing(长距离放牧),pasture sharing(草场共享),fast-moving light grazing(快行浅牧),five animals in one herd(五畜合群),and interpersonal mutual assistance(人际互助).However,the previous studies have been restricted by the classical evolutionary ethnography on the one hand,and disturbed by the bias of fixed farming type culture on the other,so that it is difficult to reveal the hidden ecological philosophy through the appearance of nomadic livelihood.With he background of the times“Ecological Civilization”,it is of great value to recon⁃ceptualize the cultural matters shared by all ethnic groups in the inland arid grasslands from the perspective of“respecting the nature,following the nature,and protecting the nature”,and to distil the ecological wisdom and survival logic from it.Then it can not only deepen the ethnographic understanding of nomadic culture,but also provide reference for the construction of Ecological Civilization nowadays.

关 键 词：顺应自然 内陆干旱草原 生态哲理 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]