清代清水江流域客民与地方社会变革  

Immigrants and Local Social Transformation of Qingshuijing Basin during the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：袁轶峰 YUAN Yi-feng

机构地区：[1]贵州大学历史与民族文化学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2023年第1期57-70,154,共15页Journal of Ethnic Culture

基　　金：贵州省哲学社会科学规划重点课题“清代贵州插花地行政与地方治理研究”(21GZZD38)。

摘　　要：清代清水江流域发生了巨大的变革,客民成为社会变革的重要力量。“改土归流”以来,客民纷纷涌入苗地,通过兼并、购置,以及高利贷获取大量苗民土地,对旧有的土地占有关系产生了极大的冲击,大土地所有制和小土地所有制都得到加强,自此,清水江流域进入地主制发展阶段。客民大量占有土地对清水江流域的苗民生计造成了严重挤压,苗民被迫奋起抗争,清代清水江流域一直处于社会结构不断瓦解和重建之中。因此,土客之间的土地关系是理解清代清水江流域社会变革的关键。During the Qing Dynasty,great changes took place in the Qingshui River basin,and the immigrants became an important force for social change. Since the“bureaucratization of native officers”,the immigrants came into the Miao land,and acquired a large amount of Miao land through annexation,purchase,and usury,which had a great impact on the old land-holding relationship,and strengthened both the large land-owning system and the small land-owning system. Since then,the Qingshui River basin entered the stage of landlord system. The large landholding of the immigrants caused a serious squeeze on the livelihood of the Miao people in the Qingshui River basin,and the Miao people were forced to fight against it. Qingshui River basin was in the process of continuous disintegration and reconstruction of its social structure during the Qing Dynasty. Therefore,the land relationship between the indigenous people and the immigrants is the key to understanding the social changes in the Qingshui River basin during the Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：清水江流域社会 客民 土地占有方式 

分 类 号：C952[社会学—民族学]