甘蓝型杂交油菜较常规油菜的产量优势分析  

Analysis on Yield Advantage of Hybrid Rape(Brassica napus)Compared with Conventional Rape

作　　者：赵继献[1] 胡权 戴祥来 ZHAO Jixian;HU Quan;DAI Xianglai(Guizhou Rape Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550008,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省油菜研究所,贵州贵阳550008

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第1期1-7,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“油菜产业技术体系建设”(GZCYTX2018-0802);贵州省科技支撑计划项目“甘蓝型油菜千粒重遗传机制研究及大籽粒种质创制与应用”[黔科合支撑(2020)1Y106]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明甘蓝型杂交油菜较常规油菜的产量优势机理,为油菜新品种的选育提供参考。【方法】利用2006—2019年度国家油菜区域试验数据资料,对杂交油菜与常规油菜的植株、品质性状及产量进行对比分析,并对杂交油菜与常规油菜的性状进行相关性分析,明确影响油菜产量的主要性状因子。【结果】杂交油菜的最高产量为254.98 kg/667m^(2),平均产量169.31 kg/667m^(2);常规油菜的最高产量为204.28 kg/667m^(2),平均产量159.83 kg/667m^(2);杂交油菜较常规油菜平均产量提高5.93%。影响杂交油菜产量的主要因子是含油率、分枝部位、有效分枝数、角果密度、单株有效角、角粒数和千粒重;影响常规油菜产量的主要因子是含油率、分枝部位、有效分枝数、角果密度、角粒数和千粒重。【结论】杂交油菜在株高、有效分枝数、主花序长、主花序有效角、单株有效角、千粒重、单株产量较常规油菜显著增加,产量显著高于常规油菜。【Objective】The yield advantage mechanism of hybrid rape(Brassica napus)compared with conventional rape is studied to provide a reference for breeding of new rape varieties.【Method】The agronomic traits,quality traits and yield of hybrid rape and conventional rape are comparatively analysed based on the data in national rape regional tests during 2006-2019 and major traits affecting rape yield are determined by analysing the correlations between different traits in hybrid rape and conventional rape.【Result】The highest and average yield of hybrid rape is 254.98 kg/667m^(2)and 169.31 kg/667m^(2)respectively.The highest and average yield of conventional rape is 204.28 kg/667m^(2)and 159.83 kg/667m^(2)separately.The average yield of hybrid rape is 5.93%higher than conventional rape.Major traits affecting yield of hybrid rape are oil content,branch position,effective branches,pod density,effective pods per plant,seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight.Major traits affecting yield of conventional rape are oil content,branch position,effective branches,pod density,seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight.【Conclusion】The height,effective branches,length of main inflorescence,effective pods on main inflorescence,effective pods per plant,1000-seed weight and yield per plant of hybrid rape significantly increase compared with conventional rape,which results in the final yield of hybrid rape is higher than conventional rape significantly.

关 键 词：杂交油菜 常规油菜 产量优势 植株性状 品质性状 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]