冬小麦新品系抗旱生理特性与产量性状分析  

Analysis on Physiological Characteristics of Drought Tolerance and Yield Characters of New Winter Wheat Lines

作　　者：马国江 马靖福 陈涛 张沛沛 刘媛[2] 杨德龙[1,2] Ma Guojiang;Ma Jingfu;Chen Tao;Zhang Peipei;Liu Yuan;Yang Deong(State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,730070;College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学,省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第1期255-263,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760385);甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学重点实验室主任基金课题(GHSJ-2020-Z4);中央引导地方科技发展专项子项目(ZCYD-2020-2-2);甘肃省现代农业生产技术体系项目(GARS-01-04)共同资助

摘　　要：为解析冬小麦育成新品系的抗旱生理特性以及进一步筛选鉴定抗旱新品种,本研究以43份冬小麦育成新品系为研究对象,在田间雨养条件下测定各品系7个生理指标和4个产量指标,进行方差分析、灰色关联度分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,在方差分析中,除有效分蘖数外,其他各指标在小麦材料间的差异达极显著水平。灰色关联度分析发现,7个与抗旱相关的生理指标与产量的关联度值从大到小依次为:最大光化学效率、叶绿素相对含量(soil and plant analyzer develotrnent, SPAD)、瞬时水分利用率、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)酶活性、光合速率、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)活性。主成分分析表明,光合速率,SPAD值、最大光能转化效率、CAT酶活性和SOD酶活性的隶属函数值与平均隶属函数值间的距离较近,说明这5个生理指标对小麦抗旱性影响显著。以各性状隶属函数值平均值为聚类依据,可将43份小麦品系划分为3大类,其中10个新品系的隶属函数值平均值最大,抗旱性较强。本研究结果将为小麦抗旱育种选择提供理论基础。In order to understand the physiological characteristics of drought tolerance of elite lines of winter wheat and to further screen and identify new drought-tolerant cultivars.In this study,a total of 43 elite lines of winter wheat were used as plant materials to determine seven physiological traits and four yield-related traits under drought-stressed conditions in the field.These traits were further performed for the variance analysis,grey relatio-nal analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that,in the analysis of variance,except for the number of effective tillers,the differences in other traits among these lines reached at very signi-ficant level.According to the gray relational analysis,the relational values of seven physiological traits and the yield in descending order followed as maximum photochemical efficiency,SPAD value,instantaneous water use efficiency,catalase activity(CAT),photosynthetic rate,peroxidase activity,superoxide dismutase activity(SOD).Principal component analysis results showed that Membership function value of photosynthetic rate,SPAD value,maximum light energy conversion efficiency, CAT enzyme activity and SOD enzyme activity were close to theaverage membership function. Therefore, these five physiological indexes had significant effects on drought toleranceof wheat. By the clustering analysis based on the average value of the membership function of each trait, 43wheat lines can be divided into three groups, of which the average value of the membership function of ten lines were the largest, indicating that the drought resistance was strong. The findings will provide a theoretical basis forthe selection of drought tolerance in wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 隶属函数 抗旱性 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]