土地类芽胞杆菌(Paenibacillus terrae)NK3-4对水稻立枯病的生物防治  

Bio-control of Paenibacillus terrae NK3-4 Against Rice Seedling Blight

作　　者：于文清 李鹏[2] 王鑫[4] 闫凤超 黄湘雯[2] 陈萍 刘文志 郑桂萍 Yu Wenqing;Li Peng;Wang Xin;Yan Fengchao;Huang Xiangwen;Chen Ping;Liu Wenzhi;Zheng Guiping(Shangrao Agricultural Technology Innovation Institute,College of Life Science,Shangrao Normal Unitversity,Shangrao,334001;Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences,Harbin,150038;College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,163319;China Quality Certification Center,Beijing,100070)

机构地区：[1]上饶师范学院生命科学学院,上饶农业技术创新研究院,上饶334001 [2]黑龙江省农垦科学院,哈尔滨150038 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,大庆163319 [4]中国质量认证中心,北京100070

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第1期327-336,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060633);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2019C080)共同资助

摘　　要：检测了土地类芽胞杆菌(Paenibacillus terrae)NK3-4对水稻立枯病菌(尖孢镰孢菌和禾谷镰孢菌)的拮抗活性、作用机理及对立枯病的防效。结果表明,NK3-4对尖孢镰孢菌及禾谷镰孢菌菌丝生长的抑制率分别为94.4%和85.7%,并抑制了病原菌色素生成、破坏了菌丝细胞壁、降低了孢子产量(降低95.0%),抑制了孢子萌发(抑制率91.6%)。尖孢镰孢菌毒土条件下,NK3-4菌液浸种结合拌土处理使水稻出苗率提高了10.2个百分点,但禾谷镰孢菌毒土条件下,NK3-4对水稻出苗率的影响未达到显著水平。出苗后7d,NK3-4浸种使高于1cm幼苗的比率提高了39.8个百分点,拌土处理提高了21.3个百分点,浸种结合拌土提高了46.3个百分点。无论是尖孢镰孢菌还是禾谷镰孢菌毒土胁迫下,NK3-4菌液处理均可促进水稻根系生长,降低发病率。尤其是NK3-4菌液浸种结合拌土处理,使尖孢镰孢菌胁迫下的水稻根长增长了5.0倍,对立枯病防效达到了80.5%。NK3-4对镰孢菌的拮抗机制为抑制菌丝生长、破坏菌丝细胞壁、抑制色素生成、抑制分生孢子萌发。NK3-4可通过减轻病原菌对水稻生长的胁迫防治立枯病。结果为NK3-4在水稻立枯病防治上的应用提供了依据。The antagonistic effect of Paenibacillus terrae NK3-4 against pathogens of rice seedling blight(Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium graminearum), mechanism and the control effect against this plant disease were tested. The results showed that NK3-4 inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum and F. graminearum hyphae by 94.4% and 85.7%,respectively. It also inhibited the pigment production, destroyed the mycelial cell wall, and reduced the conidia formation(a reduction of 95.0%), and inhibited conidia germination(an inhibition rate of 91.6%). Soaking seeds combined with mixing soil using NK3-4 bacterial liquid increased the emergence rate of rice seedlings by 10.2percent point under the stress of F. oxysporum in soil. However, the effect of the NK3-4 bacterial liquid on the emergence was not significantly, under the stress of F. graminearun in soil. Seven days after emergence, the treatment of soaking rice seed using NK3-4 bacterial liquid increased the ratio of seedlings which higher than 1 cm by 39.8 percent piont under the stress of F. oxysporum in soil, mixing soil increased by 21.3 percent point, while soaking seed combined with mixing soil increased by 46.3 percent piont. Regardless of F. oxysporum or F.graminearum stress in soil, NK3-4 bacterial liquid treatment could promote the growth of rice root system and reduce the diseasei ncidence. Especially, soaking seed combined with mixing soil using NK3-4 bacteial liquid, the root length increased by 5.0 times, and it had a control effects of 80.5% on seedling blight under the stress of F.oxysporum. The antagonistic mechanism of NK3-4 against Fusarium was inhibiting mycelial growth, destroying mycelial cell wall, restraining the formation of pigment and conidia, restricting spore germination. NK3-4controlled seedling blight by decreasing the damage of pathogens stress on rice growth. The results provide a basis for the application of NK3-4 on bio-control of rice seedling blight.

关 键 词：土地类芽胞杆菌 尖孢镰孢菌 禾谷镰孢菌 立枯病 水稻 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.1[农业科学—植物保护]