超高压水射流拆除钢筋混凝土构筑物的研究现状及前瞻  

Research status and prospects of demolition of reinforced concrete structures by ultra-high pressure water jet

作　　者：潘超 王泽峰 蒋宇涛[1] PAN Chao;WANG Zefeng;JIANG Yutao(School of Urban Construction,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Water Jet Theory and New Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学城市建设学院,湖北武汉430065 [2]武汉大学水射流理论与新技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《混凝土》2022年第11期164-169,176,共7页Concrete

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0808401);湖北省自然科学基金(2020CFB126)。

摘　　要：我国目前有3%的建筑即将达到设计使用年限,建筑垃圾废料每年产生量在15.5~24亿t,约占城市固体垃圾总量的40%,造成建筑废料的原因是由于现阶段常用的机械拆除和爆破拆除技术对建筑物内部结构带来的振动冲击较强,使拆除后的材料和结构在强度和耐久方面无法满足后续的回收利用。因此,将现有建筑物中仍具备再使用价值的材料或者结构整体拆除,作为装配式建筑的有效建筑原料成为目前研究的重点问题,符合可持续发展的需要。为探究现有建筑物优化拆除方案,结合水射流技术的研究现状及技术特点,归纳超高压水射流冲蚀和切割钢筋混凝土材料的冲蚀机理、破坏演变过程、材料去除效率及影响因素,并探究利用超高压水射流技术拆除钢筋混凝土构筑物的技术优势以及超高压水射流制作“再生钢筋混凝土”装配式构件的应用前景。At present,3% of the buildings in my country are about to reach their design life.The annual output of construction waste is1.55~2.4 billion tons,accounting for about 40% of the total municipal solid waste.The cause of construction waste is due to the commonly used mechanical demolition and The blasting demolition technology brings strong vibration and impact to the internal structure of the building,making the materials and structures after demolition unable to meet the subsequent recycling in terms of strength and durability.Therefore,the removal of materials or structures that still have reuse value in existing buildings as effective construction materials for prefabricated buildings has become a key issue of current research and meets the needs of sustainable development.In order to explore the optimal demolition plan of existing buildings,it combines the research status and technical characteristics of water jet technology to summarize the erosion mechanism,evolution process,material removal efficiency and influencing factors of ultra-high pressure water jet erosion and cutting of reinforced concrete materials.And explore the technical advantages of using ultra-high pressure water jet technology to demolish reinforced concrete structures and the application prospects of ultra-high pressure water jet to make“recycled reinforced concrete”prefabricated components.

关 键 词：超高压水射流 拆除 钢筋混凝土 破坏演变过程 技术优势 

分 类 号：TU528.01[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]