洈水水库浮游生物群落结构特征及水质评价  

Characteristics of plankton community structure and water quality evaluation in Weishui Reservoir

作　　者：白雪兰 范泽宇 徐聚臣 林深 马帅兵 黄路全 李金能 侯杰[1,2] 何绪刚[1,2] BAI Xuelan;FAN Zeyu;XU Juchen;LIN Shen;MA Shuaibing;HUANG Luquan;LI Jinneng;HOU Jie;HE Xugang(College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070 [2]长江经济带大宗水生生物产业绿色发展教育部工程研究中心,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2023年第1期118-127,共10页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2019YFD0900601-02);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662020SCPY001)。

摘　　要：为阐明洈水水库浮游生物的群落结构特征、了解库区水质现状,于2021年7月(夏)、11月(秋)、2022年1月(冬)和3月(春)调查了洈水水库浮游生物群落结构和水质理化指标。结果显示:浮游植物有75属129种,以绿藻门为主;浮游动物(轮虫和浮游甲壳动物)23属31种,以轮虫为主。浮游生物的优势物种主要为链形小环藻(Cyclotella catenate)、双对栅藻(Scenedesmus biguga)、湖泊伪鱼腥藻(Pseudoanabaena limnetica)、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、无节幼体等。浮游植物和浮游动物密度及其生物量年均值分别为1.656×10^(7)、1.75×10^(2)ind./L和6.32、1.92 mg/L。在空间分布上,浮游生物的丰度和生物量由上游河道型库区至下游敞水区大致呈逐渐降低的特点。典范对应分析(CCA)结果显示:PO_(4)^(3-)-P、WT、pH值和DO均对洈水水库中浮游生物群落的生态分布有重要影响,且NO_(3)^(-)-N和Cond仅对浮游植物影响较大。根据物种多样性评价,洈水水库浮游生物群落结构较稳定,库区水质处于中营养水平。In order to clarify the characteristics of plankton community structure and understand the current status of water quality in Weishui Reservoir,in this study,plankton and water quality surveys were carried out in the typical area of Weishui Reservoir in July(summer)and November(autumn)2021,January(winter)and March(spring)2022.The results showed that there were 75 genera and 129 species of phytoplankton,mainly Chlorophyta,and 23 genera and 31 species of zooplankton(rotifers and planktonic crustaceans),mainly rotifers.The dominant plankton species mainly included Cyclotella catenate,Scenedesmus biguga,Pseudoanabaena limnetica,Keratella cochlearis,nauplius,etc.The annual mean density and biomass of phytoplankton were 1.656×10^(7) ind./L and 6.32 mg/L,respectively,and the annual density and biomass of zooplankton were 1.75×10^(2) ind./L and 1.92 mg/L,respectively.In terms of spatial distribution,the abundance and biomass of plankton decreased gradually from the upstream channeltype area to the downstream open-water area.Canonical correspondence analysis showed that PO_(4)^(3-)-P,WT,pH and DO all had important effects on the ecological distribution of plankton communities in Weishui Reservoir,while NO_(3)^(-)-N and Cond only had an effect on phytoplankton.According to the evaluation of species diversity,the plankton community structure of Weishui Reservoir is relatively stable,and the water quality in the reservoir area is in the mesotrophic status.

关 键 词：洈水水库 浮游生物 群落结构 环境因子 水质评价 生物多样性 水生态安全 渔业资源评估 水生态环境评价 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源] X824[农业科学—水产科学]