英国国家数据安全治理:制度、机构及启示  

UK National Data Security Governance:Systems,Institutions and Implications

作　　者：张涛[1] 崔文波 刘硕 蔡庆平[1] 马海群[2] Zhang Tao;Cui Wenbo;Liu Shuo;Cai Qingping;Ma Haiqun(School of Information Management,Harbin,150080;Research Center of Information Resource Management,Heilongjiang University,Heilongjiang University,Harbin,150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学信息管理学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江大学信息资源管理研究中心,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《信息资源管理学报》2022年第6期44-57,共14页Journal of Information Resources Management

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“数智时代情报分析算法风险识别及其治理机制研究”(21TQB113);国家社科基金重大项目“面向数字化发展的公共数据开放利用体系与能力建设研究”(21&ZD336)的成果之一。

摘　　要：本文从两个方面梳理英国国家数据安全治理的举措,一是将英国国家数据安全治理制度体系分为个人数据安全、政府数据安全、网络数据安全、数据伦理安全和人工智能数据安全五个部分;二是对英国国家数据安全治理机构权责进行梳理并分析其特征。英国国家数据安全治理经过多年的制度演进和机构变迁,制度演进方面由外及里,较早提出监管沙盒治理机制,注重个人数据安全与人权,脱离欧盟后很多相关制度仍适用;机构方面呈现出“一中心一张网”的治理特征。最后,针对我国数据安全治理现状提出四个方面建议:完善“一中心一张网”的数据安全治理机构体系、构建多利益主体间数据伦理协作机制、建立监管沙盒机制有效防控数据安全风险、完善数据跨境流动安全的制度体系。This article sorts out the UK national data security governance measures from two aspects.First,the UK national data security governance system is divided into five parts:personal data security,government data security,network data security,data ethics security and artificial intelligence data security;The second is to sort out the powers and responsibilities of the UK data security governance institutions and analyze their characteristics.After years of evolution and changes in the UK national data security governance,its institutional evolution is from the outside to the inside.Focusing on personal data security and human rights,the UK was an early adopter of regulatory sandbox governance mechanism.Many related systems are still applicable after it left the EU.In terms of institutions,governance system of"one center,one network"has been developed.Finally,four suggestions are put forward in view of the current situation of data security governance in our country,that is,to improve a data security governance institutional system of"one center and one network",to build a data ethical cooperation mechanism among multiple stakeholders,to establish a supervision sandbox mechanism to effectively prevent and control data security risks,and to improve the institutional system of data security in the cross-border circulation.

关 键 词：英国 数据安全 数据治理 制度体系 数据伦理 

分 类 号：D751.2[政治法律—政治学]