三种最新全球海潮模型在中国沿海的精度评估  

Accuracy Assessment of Three Latest Global Ocean Tide Models in Coastal Areas of China

作　　者：周东旭 孙维康 付海德[4] 付延光 周兴华 ZHOU Dong-xu;SUN Wei-kang;FU Hai-de;FU Yan-guang;ZHOU Xing-hua(First Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean and Geomatics,MNR,Qingdao 266590,China;College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Shandong Zheng·yuan Digital City Construction Co.,Ltd,Yantai 264670,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]自然资源部海洋测绘重点实验室,山东青岛266590 [3]山东科技大学测绘与空间信息学院,山东青岛266590 [4]山东正元数字城市建设有限公司,山东烟台264670

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2023年第1期54-63,共10页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41706115)。

摘　　要：海潮负荷形变是我国沿海GNSS实时观测的重要误差源之一,分析和确定最优海潮模型进行负荷改正,有助于提高GNSS解算精度和可靠性。利用沿海33个验潮站连续3 a的实测潮位资料,以8个主要分潮(M2、S2、N2、K2、K1、O1、P1和Q1)的潮高和方根(Root Sum Squares,RSS)为评价指标,对最新全球海潮模型FES2014、EOT20和TPXO9在中国沿海的模型精度进行评估。结果表明:3种最新海潮模型相比其前期版本(FES2004、EOT11a和TPXO7.2),在中国沿海的模型精度整体改进幅度分别为72.39%、67.73%和31.37%;3种最新海潮模型中,FES2014在中国沿海的RSS均值和标准差分别为7.91和7.75 cm,模型精度相对最高,EOT20的模型精度略低于FES2014,二者精度均显著优于模型NAO.99jb和NAO.99b(后两处模型在先前研究中被认为在中国沿海精度较优),TPXO9的模型精度则相对较差,仅略优于NAO.99b。同时,分析结果也显示FES2014、EOT20和TPXO9等模型均有其最佳适用区域或地点,在中国沿海GNSS数据精细批处理中,可根据需求选用合适的海潮模型。The deformation of ocean tide loading is one of important errors of GNSS real-time observation in coastal areas of China. Analyzing and determining the most suitable ocean tide model for loading correction is critical for improving the accuracy and reliability of GNSS solution. The accuracy of the latest global ocean tide models FES2014, EOT20 and TPXO9 were evaluated with the Root Sum Squares(RSS) of 8 main tidal constituents M2, S2, N2, K2, K1, O1, P1and Q1based on the tide gauges data observed during a 3-year period in the coastal areas of China. The results show that, compared with the earlier models FES2004, EOT11a, and TPXO7.2, the accuracy improvement in FES2014, EOT20 and TPXO9 in the coastal areas of China is 72.39%, 67.73% and 31.37%, respectively. The performance of FES2014 is best in the coastal areas of China with RSS mean and standard deviation of 7.91 cm and 7.75 cm, respectively. The accuracy of EOT20 is slightly lower than that of FES2014, but significantly better than those of NAO.99jb and NAO.99b, which were considered to be the best models in China seas. The accuracy of TPXO9 is the lowest among the three latest models. It is worth to note that, different ocean tide models have their own best applicable areas, and we can choose appropriate model to correct the ocean tide loading in the precise processing of GNSS data in the coastal areas of China.

关 键 词：中国沿海 最新海潮模型 精度评估 验潮站 和方根 

分 类 号：P229.2[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]