小浪底水库高水位异重流出库条件及排沙影响因素分析  

Discharge Conditions of Density Current at High Water Level in XiaolangdiReservoir and Influencing Factors on Sediment Discharge

作　　者：王婷[1,2] 王远见 闫振峰[1,2] 任智慧 王子路[1,2] WANG Ting;WANG Yuanjian;YAN Zhenfeng;REN Zhihui;WANG Zilu(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Channel and Estuary Regulation,MWR,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]水利部黄河下游河道与河口治理重点实验室,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2023年第1期47-50,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200400);黄河水科学研究联合基金项目(U2243241);河南省自然科学基金项目(222300420495,202300410540);中央级公益性科研院所-----基本科研业务费专项(HKY JBYW 202206,HKY JBYW-202212)。

摘　　要：小浪底水库运用以来,在保障下游防洪减淤及生活、生产、灌溉和生态用水安全等方面发挥了巨大的社会效益和经济效益。基于实测资料,分析了小浪底水库运用以来高水位异重流出库条件及排沙影响因素。结果表明,小浪底水库高水位(235 m以上)运用期间异重流运行至坝前需满足两个条件:(1)入库洪水过程不小于3 d、细泥沙含量高于40%。(2)入库流量Q入≥4 000 m^(3)/s且入库含沙量S入>13.0 kg/m^(3),或者1 700 m^(3)/s<入库流量Q入<4 000 m^(3)/s且入库含沙量S入>86-0.018 Q入。水库排沙比η和蓄水体积与出库流量的比值(■)以及进出库流量的比值(■)成反比关系。最大连续3 d入库输沙率越大,水流动力越强,排沙效果越好。Since the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, great social and economic benefits have been brought into play in ensuring the floodcontrol and silt reduction, the safety of living, production, irrigation and ecological water use. Based on the measured data, this paper ana⁃lyzed the outflow conditions of high water level density flow and the influence factors of sediment discharge of Xiaolangdi Reservoir. The re⁃sults show that during the high water level operation (above 235 m) of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, two conditions shall be met for the density flowto reach the front of the dam. a. The inflow flood process shall not be less than 3 days and the fine sediment content shall be higher than40%. b. Inflow discharge Qi shall not be less than 4 000 m3 / s. And meet the sediment concentration shall not be less than 13.0 kg/ m3. Al⁃ternatively, if inflow discharge Qi is between 1 700 m3 / s and 4 000 m3 / s, and meet the sediment concentration Si shall not be less than 86minus 0.018Qi . Sediment discharge ratio of reservoir η is inversely proportional to the ratio of the water storage body and the outflow dischargeand the ratio of the inflow and outflow discharge. The larger the maximum continuous 3⁃day inflow sediment transport rate, the stronger theflow power and the better the sediment discharge effect. The research results can provide a certain technical support for the high water leveldensity flow sediment discharge operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir.

关 键 词：小浪底水库 高水位 异重流 排沙 水库调度 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV697.1