四游标分光计的设计与实验教学应用  

Design of four-vernier spectrometer and its application in experimental teaching

作　　者：樊代和[1,2] 魏云 常相辉[1,2] 刘其军[1,2] 贾欣燕[1,2] FAN Daihe;WEI Yun;CHANG Xianghui;LIU Qijun;JIA Xinyan(School of Physical Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学物理科学与技术学院,四川成都611756 [2]西南交通大学物理国家级实验教学示范中心,四川成都611756

出　　处：《物理实验》2023年第1期23-27,共5页Physics Experimentation

基　　金：教育部高等学校大学物理课程教学指导委员会2020年高等学校教学研究项目(No.DJZW202036xn);西南交通大学实验教学研究与改革项目(No.20221106,No.20222417);四川省高等教育人才培养质量和教学改革项目(No.JG2021-246)。

摘　　要：为丰富基于分光计的大学物理实验课程教学内容,设计并制作了四游标分光计.该分光计以位置可固定的刻度盘的刻度线为基准,其中1对游标用于实现准直管旋转角度的精确测量,另1对游标用于实现望远镜旋转角度的精确测量.以三棱镜折射率的精确测量为例,详细给出了四游标分光计的使用方法及操作步骤,测量得出低压汞灯绿色谱线在ZF1重火石玻璃材质中的折射率n=1.6544±0.0007,实验结果与理论值相符.In order to enrich the teaching content of college physics experiment course based on the spectrometer,a four-vernier spectrometer was designed and manufactured.With the help of division of the dials whose position could be fixed,one pair of verniers was used to accurately measure the rotation angle of the collimator,and the other pair of verniers was used to measure the rotation angle of the telescope.Taking the accurate measurement of the refractive index of the prism as an example,the methods and steps of the four-vernier spectrometer were given in detail.The refractive index of green spectral lines of low-pressure mercury lamp in ZF1 heavy flint glass was measured,that was n=1.6544±0.0007,and the experimental result was in agreement with the theoretical values.

关 键 词：分光计 四游标 折射率 偏向角 

分 类 号：O435.1[机械工程—光学工程]