株行配置对南疆复播大豆籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Plant-Row Configuration on Grain Filling Characteristics and Yield of Reseeding Soybean in Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：冉新月 吴树 黄兴军 陈国栋[1] 吴全忠[1] 王德胜[1] 翟云龙[1] Ran Xinyue;Wu Shu;Huang Xingjun;Chen Guodong;Wu Quanzhong;Wang Desheng;Zhai Yunlong(College of Agronomy,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2022年第12期57-62,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关项目(2019AB022);农业部绿洲农业生态重点实验室开放课题(NYBXBLZ-201902)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜南疆复播大豆生产的株行配置,本试验以大豆品种绥农35为材料,设置3个行距15 cm(H1)、30 cm(H2)、45 cm(H3)和3个种植密度52.56万株·hm^(-2)(M1)、55万株·hm^(-2)(M2)、60万株·hm^(-2)(M3),研究不同株行配置对复播大豆籽粒灌浆特性及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,H1、H2处理下M1理论最大百粒重较高,分别为20.33、17.98 g;H3处理下M3拥有最大百粒重,达到21.27 g。H2M3处理所需灌浆总时间最短,达到最大灌浆速率所用天数最短,且拥有最大灌浆速率及平均灌浆速率。各处理不同阶段灌浆持续时间均表现为T3最大,灌浆速率均表现为V2>V1>V3,阶段籽粒产量表现为W2>W1>W3。H3M3处理大豆灌浆持续时间、各阶段籽粒产量均最高,H2M3处理各阶段灌浆速率均最高。各密度处理大豆产量均表现为M3>M1>M2。行距平均值看,随着行距增加,大豆平均单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重及产量均逐渐降低,百粒重逐渐增加。H1M3处理产量最高,达到6 155.8 kg·hm^(-2),H2M3次之,达到5 850.6 kg·hm^(-2)。In order to screen out of suitable plant-row configuration for production of reseeding soybean in southern Xinjiang, three row spacings and three densities were set to analyze the variation of grain filling characteristics and yield under different plant-row configurations using the soybean variety Suinong 35 as material. The three row spacings were as 15 cm(H1), 30 cm(H2) and 45 cm(H3), and the three planting densities were as 52.56 × 10~4 plants·hm^(-2)(M1), 55 × 10~4 plants·hm^(-2)(M2) and 60 × 10~4 plants·hm^(-2)(M3). The results showed that under the H1 and H2 treatments, the theoretical maximum hundred-grain weight of M1 treatment was the highest as 20.33 g and 17.98 g, respectively, H3M3 treatment had the maximum hundred-grain weight as 21.27 g. Under the H2M3 treatment, the total filling time was the shortest, the days for reaching the maximum filling rate was the shortest, and the maximum filling rate and average filling rate were the largest. For three filling stages, the filling duration of each treatment was the longest at slow increasing stage;the filling rate and stage grain yield were the largest at rapid increasing stage, followed by gradual increasing stage and slow increasing stage. The filling duration and stage grain yield were the highest under H3M3 treatement, and the filling rate at the three stages was the highest under H2M3 treatment. The yield of soybean showed M3>M1>M2. With the increase of row spacing, the average number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, grain weight per plant and yield of soybean gradually decreased, and the hundred-grain weight gradually increased. The yield was the highest under H1M3 treatment as 6 155.8 kg·hm^(-2), followed by H2M3 as 5 850.6 kg·hm^(-2).

关 键 词：行距 密度 籽粒灌浆 复播大豆 产量 

分 类 号：S565.104[农业科学—作物学]