2014-2018年江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒健康教育效果评价  

Effectiveness evaluation of health education on drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2018

作　　者：夏玉婷[1] 叶云杰[1] 刘茂[1] 尚莉[1] 王培桦[1] 汪旸[1] Xia Yuting;Ye Yunjie;Liu Mao;Shang Li;Wang Peihua;Wang Yang(Department of Environment and Health&Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Jiangsu Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心环境与健康(地方病防制)所,南京210009

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2022年第11期929-933,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的评价江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒健康教育成效。方法2014-2018年,在江苏省选择12个饮水型地方性氟中毒重点县(区),开展大众健康教育活动;每年每个县(区)抽取3个乡(镇),在每个乡(镇)中心小学的4~6年级学生中开展学校健康教育活动;每个乡(镇)抽取3个村,开展社区健康教育活动。健康教育前、后,每个乡(镇)中心小学抽取5年级1个班的30名学生,并在学校所在地抽取15名家庭主妇,进行饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识问卷调查。结果健康教育后,小学生与家庭主妇饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率分别为94.83%(15362/16200)和95.14%(7706/8100),较健康教育前[63.88%(10348/16200)、65.94%(5341/8100)]均显著提高(χ^(2)=4700.00、2200.00,P均<0.001)。健康教育前,小学生、家庭妇女饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率各年度间比较,差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.43、0.88,P=0.077、0.928),但小学生低于家庭主妇(χ^(2)=10.03,P=0.002);健康教育后,小学生饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率与家庭主妇比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.07,P=0.301)。结论健康教育对提高小学生和家庭主妇饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率有明显效果,应当拓宽健康教育的覆盖面,使用形式多样的传播方式,长期、广泛、深入地开展健康教育工作,持续巩固健康教育成效。Objective To evaluate the effect of health education on drinking-warter-borne endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu Province.Methods From 2014 to 2018,a total of 12 counties(districts)with drinking-warter-borne endemic fluorosis were selected to carry out public health education activities,and 3 townships were chosen in each project county(district).School health education activities were carried out in the classes of grade 4-6 in the central primary school in each selected twonship.In the meantime,3 villages were chosen in each selected township where the health education activities in the community were carried out.Before and after the health education activities,questionnaire surveys on knowledge of drinking-warter-borne endemic fluorosis prevention were conducted among 30 students in one class of grade 5 in the central primary school and 15 housewives lived near the central primary school in each township.Results After the health education activities,the rates of knowledge awareness in the students and the housewives were 94.83%(15362/16200)and 95.14%(7706/8100),respectively,which were significantly higher than those before the health education activities[63.88%(10348/16200)and 65.94%(5341/8100)],and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=4700.00,2200.00,P<0.001).There were no statistical differences in the rates of knowledge awareness in the students and housewives before the health education activities from 2014 to 2018(χ^(2)=8.43,0.88,P=0.077,0.928).Before the health education activities,the rate of knowledge awareness in the students was lower than that in the housewives,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=10.03,P=0.002).After the health education activities,there was no statistical difference between the rate of knowledge awareness in the students and that in the housewives(χ^(2)=1.07,P=0.301).Conclusions The rates of knowledge awareness in the students and the housewives are increased significantly after the health education activities.We should expand the coverage of health

关 键 词：氟化物中毒 健康教育 效果评价 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]