小叶锦鸡儿灌丛地植被对沙源供给的响应  

Vegetation responses to sand source and supply volume in Caragana microphylla shrubland

作　　者：虎雅玲 哈斯额尔敦[2] 满良[3] 杨一 张萍[1] HU Ya-ling;HASI Eerdun;MAN Liang;YANG Yi;ZHANG Ping(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Resource Science and Technology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;College of Life Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Shanghai Branch of National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team,Coordination Center of China,Shanghai 201315,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 [3]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津300387 [4]国家计算机网络应急技术处理协调中心上海分中心,上海201315

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第1期26-35,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071015);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2019BFG02024)资助。

摘　　要：以阴山北麓东段附近的小叶锦鸡儿灌丛地为研究区,在坡积残积地(内源型供给)、洪积扇下风向和农耕地下风向(外源型供给)3个沙源供给有差异的样地,每个样地布设3个样区,每个样区设置3个样方(3个样地共计27个样方),调查样方内小叶锦鸡儿沙堆和堆间地的植被,分析沙源量和沙物质差异供给下的小叶锦鸡儿灌丛地植物群落特征。结果表明:1)三类沙源供给的小叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆上群丛类型基本相同,均为小叶锦鸡儿-羊草群丛;2)三类沙源地的灌丛沙堆上物种数均高于堆间地,其中沙源量最大的洪积扇下风向物种数最多;样地间的物种相似度以洪积扇和农耕地下风向间的最高(38%~42%),样地内灌丛沙堆和堆间地上的物种相似度以坡积残积地的最高(80%);3)在三类沙源供给地的灌丛沙堆和堆间地上均出现的植物有6种,即克氏针茅、羊草、糙隐子草、冷蒿、细叶韭、刺沙蓬;4)顺风向随着沙源供给量的增加(坡积残积地)或减少(洪积扇和农耕地下风向),三类样地的堆间地上物种数沿风向均呈现先增加后减少的趋势,灌丛沙丘上则是农耕地和洪积扇下风向靠近沙源区的物种数高于坡积残积地,随沙源量减少其物种数逐渐与坡积残积地的相近。综上,沙源供给量及供给方式对小叶锦鸡儿灌丛地的物种多样性影响较大,而群丛类型几乎不受影响。This research targeted Caragana microphylla nebkhas located in three sites in residual-depositional land(endogenous sand source),downwind of alluvial fans and cultivated land(exogenous sand source)in the eastern sector of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain. Three sampling areas were set up along a transect at each sample site,and three sample quadrats were set up in each sample area,making a total of 27 sample quadrats across the three sample sites. The aim was to investigate the vegetation of C. microphylla nebkhas and inter-dunes,and to study the plant community characteristics of the C. microphylla shrubland under the different sand sources and sand supply volumes. It was found that:1)C. microphylla-Leymus chinensis was a ubiquitous plant species association of C. microphylla nebkhas at all three study sites,despite the different soil depositional processes. 2)The species number within nebkhas was much greater than that of inter-dune areas in the three sites,and the species number was maximized in nebkhas located downwind of the alluvial fans with the most sand. Comparing the three sites,the species similarity was the highest between the downwind of the alluvial fans and cultivated land(38%-42%). The similarity between the nebkhas and inter-dunes at each site was the highest in the residual-depositional land(80%)and lowest in the cultivated land(53%). 3) Six plant species appeared in all three sites:Stipa krylovii,L.chinensis,Cleistogenes squarrosa,Artemisia frigida,Allium tenuissimum and Salsola ruthenica. 4)In downwind direction,as the increase(residual-depositional land)or decrease(downwind of alluvial fans and cultivated land)of sand supply volumes,the species number increased initially and then decreased on the inter-dune area,while within nebkhas,the numbers of species near the sand source were higher in the downwind of the alluvial fans and cultivated land than that in residual-depositional site,and were gradually close to that in the residual-depositional land with the decrease of sand supply volume

关 键 词：小叶锦鸡儿 灌丛沙堆 群丛类型 物种多样性 沙源供给 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]