大豆疫霉根腐病防治药剂的筛选与复配研究  

Study on Screening of Effective Fungicides and Mixed Preparations for Controlling Soybean Phytophthora Root and Stem Rot

作　　者：蒋冰心[1] 盖迪 陈方新[1] 高智谋[1] JIANG Bing-xin;GAI Di;CHEN Fang-xin(College of Plant Production,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学植物保护学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第24期143-145,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303018)。

摘　　要：为了筛选防治大豆根腐病的有效杀菌剂及复配剂,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了8种杀菌剂对大豆疫霉的室内毒力,继而采用孙云沛法测定了其中4种杀菌剂两两复配的联合毒力及共毒系数。结果表明,供试药剂对大豆疫霉菌株的EC50值大小顺序为甲霜灵<烯酰吗啉<霜脲氰<氟吗啉<嘧菌酯<啶酰菌胺<苯甲·丙环唑<霜霉威;其中,甲霜灵、烯酰吗啉、霜脲氰、氟吗啉和嘧菌酯对大豆疫霉毒力强(EC_(50)<1μg/mL);啶酰菌胺和苯甲·丙环唑毒力中等(1μg/mL<EC_(50)<5μg/mL);霜霉威对大豆疫霉毒力最弱(EC_(50)=48.3429μg/mL>10μg/mL)。经药剂复配筛选,发现甲霜灵、烯酰吗啉、霜脲氰和嘧菌酯两两复配均可产生对抑制大豆疫霉有显著增效作用的配比混合物;其中以烯酰吗啉与霜脲氰按1∶3复配、嘧菌酯和烯酰吗啉按1∶1复配、霜脲氰和甲霜灵按1∶3复配、嘧菌酯和霜脲氰按1∶2复配、嘧菌酯和甲霜灵按1∶1复配、烯酰吗啉+甲霜灵按1∶3复配,增效作用最佳。该研究结果为防治大豆疫霉根腐病的新型复配剂开发及生产上药剂合理混用提供了试验依据。In order to screen the effective fungicides and mixed preparations for controlling soybean Phytophthora root and stem rot,the toxicity of the eight fungicides against Phytophthora sojae was tested by applying mycelium growth rate method,and the combined toxicity and co-toxicity coefficients(CTC)of the mixed preparations from the selected four fungicides were investigated according to Sun&Johnson.The results showed that the order of EC50values of the tested fungicides to P.sojae isolate was:metalaxyl<dimethomorph<cymoxanil<flumorph<azoxystrobin<boscalid<benzoyl propicondzole<propamocarb.The toxicity of metalaxyl,dimethomorph,cymoxanil,flumorph and azoxystrobin were strong(EC_(50)<1μg/mL),the toxicity of boscalid and benzoyl propicondzole were medium(1μg/mL<EC_(50)<5μg/mL),and the toxicity of propamocarb was the lowest(EC_(50)=48.3429μg/mL>10μg/mL).The results also indicated that the mixed preparations of metalaxyl,dimethomorph,cymoxanil and azoxystrobin in pairs were all significant synergistic combinations,of which the combination of dimethomorph and cymoxanil in 1∶3,the combination of azoxystrobin and dimethomorph in 1∶1,the combination of cymoxanil and metalaxyl in 1∶3,the combination of azoxystrobin and cymoxanil in 1∶2,the combination of azoxystrobin and metalaxyl in 1∶1 and the combination of dimethomorph and metalaxyl in 1∶3 were excellent in synergistic effect.The results mentioned above provide experimental evidence for the development of new agents and the mixed use of fungicides for controlling soybean Phytophthora root and stem rot.

关 键 词：大豆疫霉 杀菌剂 毒力 复配剂 共毒系数 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]