11种植物源杀虫活性成分对草地贪夜蛾的毒力测定  

Toxicity of 11 botanical insecticidal active ingredients to the fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda

作　　者：刘锦霞[1,2] 李晶 张丹丹[2,3] 李娜[1] 付麟雲[1] 丁品[1] 吴孔明 LIU Jinxia;LI Jing;ZHANG Dandan;LI Na;FU Linyun;DING Pin;WU Kongming(Institute of Biology,Gansu Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Grassland Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省科学院生物研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]北京林业大学草业与草原学院,北京100083

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第1期351-356,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：甘肃省科学院“科苑英才”访问学者计划;甘肃省科学院应用研究与开发计划项目(2018JK-08);甘肃省科学院产业化开发计划(2021CY01)。

摘　　要：草地贪夜蛾是2018年入侵我国的重大迁飞性害虫,对玉米等农作物生产构成重大威胁。为开发新型生物农药产品,提供防效更高的生物农药品种,本研究采用点滴法评价了蛇床子素、大蒜素、补骨脂素、闹羊花毒素Ⅲ、印楝素、对叶百部碱、莨菪碱、血根碱、辣椒碱、苦参碱和丁香酚等共11种植物源杀虫活性成分对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的毒力水平。结果显示:这11种杀虫活性成分对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫均有毒杀作用,但起效时间都有不同程度的滞后。用药后48、72 h和168 h,不同杀虫活性成分对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的LD50范围分别为0.212~14.382μg/头、0.191~11.675μg/头和0.164~9.463μg/头。药后72 h毒力大小顺序为:丁香酚>印楝素>闹羊花毒素Ⅲ>补骨脂素>血根碱>大蒜素>苦参碱>莨菪碱>蛇床子素>辣椒碱>对叶百部碱。研究结果为利用丁香酚等活性成分开发防治草地贪夜蛾的生物农药新产品提供了技术支撑。Fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,an important migratory pest which invaded China in 2018,has become a major threat to the production of maize and other crops in many countries.In order to develop novel biopesticide,the toxicity of 11 botanical active components,including osthole,allicin,psoralen,rhodojaponinⅢ,azadirachtin,tuberostemonine,anisodamine,sanguinarine,capsaicin,matrine and eugenol to S.frugiperda larvae was evaluated using topical application method.The results showed that all the active ingredients presented toxic effects to larvae of the pest,but worked at different speed.The ranges of LD50were 0.212-14.382μg/larva at 48 h,0.191-11.675μg/larva at 72 h,and 0.164-9.463μg/larva at 168 h,respectively.The 72 h toxicities was ordered from high to low as eugenol>azadirachtin>rhodojaponinⅢ>psoralen>sanguinarine>allicin>matrine>anisodamine>osthole>capsaicin>tuberostemonine.This study provides a basis for development of novel biological pesticides against S.frugiperda using eugenol and other active ingredients.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 植物源杀虫剂 杀虫活性成分 毒力 

分 类 号：S482.39[农业科学—农药学]