长期卧床伴皮肤压力性损伤的社区老年人非正式护理人员的照顾知识、行为、自我效能及照顾负担的相关性研究  

A study on the correlation of care knowledge,behavior,self-efficacy and care burden of informal nursing staff in community elderly with long-term bed rest and s kin pressure injuries

作　　者：蒋燕勤 朱珠 王静[3] 宋爱琳 汪桂霞[5] 朱群妹 栾伟[7] JIANG Yanqin;ZHU Zhu;WANG Jing;SONG Ailin;WANG Guixia;ZHU Qunmei;LUAN Wei(Department of Outpatient,Southern Hospital District of Ren Ji Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,201112;VIP Clinic,Southern Hospital District of Ren Ji Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,201112;Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital,Shanghai,200090;Shanghai Tongkang Hospital,Shanghai,201108;Shanghai Min-hang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai,201103;Pujiang Community Health Ser-vice Center,Shanghai,201112;Department of VIP Service,Ren Ji Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200127)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院南院区门诊部,上海201112 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院南院区特需门诊,上海201112 [3]上海市杨浦区中心医院,上海200090 [4]上海同康医院,上海201108 [5]上海市闵行区中医医院,上海201103 [6]上海市闵行区浦江社区卫生服务中心,上海201112 [7]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院特需医疗办公室,上海200127

出　　处：《中西医结合护理》2021年第12期61-68,共8页Chinese Journal of Integrative Nursing

基　　金：上海申康医院发展中心临床科技创新项目(SHDC12019618);上海交通大学医学院技术转移推广项目(ZT201902)。

摘　　要：目的了解长期卧床伴皮肤压力性损伤的社区老年患者及其非正式护理人员主要照顾者的知识、技能现状、一般自我效能及照顾负担的相关性。方法对上海8家三级医院、1家社区医院、1家社会办医机构合计280位长期卧床社区老年人及其非正式护理人员进行一般资料、压力性损伤的知识问卷、行为问卷、一般自我效能量表及照顾者负担量表的测评。结果非正式护理人员照顾知识及行为得分平均分情况为(17.25±2.90)分及(35.27±6.82)分,自我效能得分为(2.33±0.61)分;照顾者负担得分较高为(65.12±14.93)分;照顾者压力性损伤一般自我效能与照顾行为总分及各维度均呈现显著正相关(P<0.001);一般自我效能、是否有共同照顾者、发展受限性、情感性负担、平均每天照顾患者耗时及照护者知识问卷得分6个变量是压力性损伤照顾行为的影响因素。结论非正式护理人员照顾知识及行为水平有待提高,自我效能水平一般,照顾负担较重。建议从多种方面入手,提高其知识技能行为水平及自我效能水平,树立起应对照顾工作的信心,从而达到促进社区老年人压力性损伤愈合及降低再发生情况的最终目标。Objective To understand the knowledge,skill status,general self-efficacy and the correlation of care burden of community elderly patients with skin pressure injuries and their informal caregivers.Methods A total of 280 community elderly informal nurses from 8 tertiary hospitals,1 community hospital and 1 social medical institution in Shanghai were assessed with general information,knowledge questionnaire,behavior questionnaire,General Self-Efficacy Scale and Caregiver Burden Scale.Results The average score of informal nursing staff's care knowledge and behavior was(17.25±2.90)and(35.27±6.82)respectively,and the score of self-efficacy was(2.33±0.61).The score of caregiver's burden was relatively high(65.12±14.93).The general self-efficacy of caregivers on pressure injuries was positively correlated with the total score and all dimensions of care behavior(P<0.001).The general self-efficacy and cocaregivers,development limitation,emotional burden,average time spent caring for patients ev⁃ery day and caregiver knowledge questionnaire score were the influencing factors of care behavior of pressure injuries.Conclusion The level of nursing knowledge and behavior of informal nurs⁃ing staff needs to be improved,the level of self-efficacy is general,and the burden of care is heavy.It is suggested to improve their knowledge,skills,behavior and self-efficacy from various aspects,the ultimate goal of promoting the healing and reducing the recurrence of stress injury of the community elderly is to build up the confidence of coping with care work.

关 键 词：社区老年人 非正式护理人员 压力性损伤 照顾知识 照顾负担 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]