攀枝花不同海拔植烟土壤固氮细菌群落多样性与结构特征  

Diversity and structural characteristics of nitrogen-fixing bacterial community in tobacco-growing soils at different elevations in Panzhihua

作　　者：李永赟 刘羽佳 叶田会 张静 杨鹏[3] 余伟[3] 封俊[3] 闫芳芳[3] 张宗锦[3] 辜运富 LI Yongyun;LIU Yujia;YE Tianhui;ZHANG Jing;YANG Peng;YU Wei;FENG Jun;YAN Fangfang;ZHANG Zongjin;GU Yunfu(College of Resources,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Landscape Architecture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Panzhihua Tobacco Company of Sichuan Province,Panzhihua 617099,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都611130 [3]四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司,攀枝花617099

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第6期1452-1459,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201256);四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司项目(202051040024038,PZH2019003)资助。

摘　　要：固氮细菌在土壤氮素转换过程中发挥重要作用.为深入认识攀枝花地区农田土壤固氮细菌群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关联性,以攀枝花米易县不同海拔高度(1 600 m、1 800 m、2 000 m)植烟土壤为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术(high-throughput sequencing)对nifH基因进行测序,分析固氮细菌群落结构特征和多样性.结果显示,固氮酶活性随海拔升高而逐渐降低,并与土壤有机碳及全氮呈极显著正相关(P <0.01);固氮细菌群落多样性指数在海拔1 800 m处达到最大值.3个海拔土壤共获得高质量序列1 159 980条,所检测到的固氮细菌分属于4个门、11个纲、19个目、29个科、40个属.基于门分类水平分析结果,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)在所有海拔土壤中均为优势固氮菌群,相对丰度达64.69%-78.36%;而蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)仅在海拔高度2 000 m时为优势类群.在属水平上,伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia)、克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)相对丰度分别为海拔高度1 800 m与2 000 m土壤优势菌属,而类伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Paraburkholderia)是所有海拔土壤中的主要菌属.采用随机森林分析评估和筛选标志物种,确认Azohydromonas对固氮细菌群落结构差异存在重要影响.结合Pearson相关性分析与冗余分析结果,土壤含水量、硝态氮、碱解氮与有效磷是造成不同海拔土壤固氮细菌群落特征差异的主要环境因子.本研究表明海拔梯度及响应其变化的土壤理化因子,对调控固氮细菌群落结构与多样性有较大影响.(图8表3参41)The significance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil nitrogen cycle is critical. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the nitrogen-fixing bacterial community in farmland soil and its relationship with the soil physicochemical properties in the Panzhihua area of Sichuan, China. Tobacco planting soil at different altitudes(1 600 m, 1 800 m, and 2 000 m) in Miyi County was used as the research object, and high-throughput sequencing of nifH gene was performed to reveal the community structure and diversity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The findings showed that nitrogenase activity gradually decreased with elevation and was strongly positively correlated with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen(P < 0.01), with the nitrogen-fixing bacterial community diversity reaching its maximum at an altitude of 1 800 m. A total of 1 159 980 high quality sequences of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were obtained from three elevations, belonging to 4 phyla, 11 classes, 19orders, 29 families, and 40 genera. Proteobacteria were the dominant nitrogen-fixing bacteria at all elevations,whereas Cyanobacteria were the dominant group only at an elevation of 2 000 m. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Burkholderia and Klebsiella was the highest at 1 800 m and 2 000 m, respectively, while Paraburkholderia were the dominant bacteria at all soil elevations. Random forest analysis was used to evaluate and screen marker species, confirming that Azohydromonas has an important influence on differences in the community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The results of Pearson correlation and redundancy analyses showed that soil moisture content, nitrate nitrogen, alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available phosphorus were the key environmental factors that altered community features at different elevations. According to previous studies, the altitude gradient as well as the soil physicochemical properties that alter in reaction to it, has a greater impact on regulating the community structure and diversity of nitroge

关 键 词：海拔梯度 高通量测序 土壤理化性质 NIFH基因 多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]