中亚热带森林两种林型对4种盐基离子随降水分配动态的影响  

Effects of two forest types on the dynamics of four base cations along with rainfall partitioning in middle subtropical forests

作　　者：胡婉榕 胥超[1,2] 熊德成[1,2] 吴福忠 倪祥银 岳楷 HU Wanrong;XU Chao;XIONG Decheng;WU Fuzhong;NI Xiangyin;YUE Kai(School of Geographical Science,Fuzhou 350007,China;Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Sanming Forest Ecosystem and Global Change Observation and Research Station of Fujian Province,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地,福建三明森林生态系统与全球变化研究站,福州350007

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第6期1578-1585,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800373,31922052,31800521和32022056)资助。

摘　　要：盐基离子随穿透雨和树干茎流的迁移成为森林元素输入的重要组成部分.在迁移过程中,冠层淋溶、树干冲刷等改变了盐基离子含量,而不同林型的林冠特征、树皮性质等存在差异,因此盐基离子含量在不同林型中可能存在差异对米槠次生林和杉木人工林穿透雨、树干茎流进行为期4年的监测,对比研究4种盐基离子(K+、Ca2+、Na+、Mg2+)浓度和输入量的动态特征.结果显示:(1)米槠次生林树干茎流Ca2+、Mg2+浓度显著低于杉木人工林而K+浓度显著高于杉木人工林;穿透雨除Na+浓度外均为米槠次生林显著高于杉木人工林.穿透雨和树干茎流Na+浓度林型差异不显著.(2)两种林型盐基离子季节动态变化基本一致,在雨季旱季各有一个峰值,雨季浓度普遍低于旱季.米槠次生林盐基离子浓度稳定性普遍高于杉木人工林.(3)分析盐基离子浓度与降雨强度的关系发现:Ca2+、K+、Mg2+浓度随雨量级的增加而降低,Na+浓度随雨量级的增加而增加.(4)观测期间米槠次生林穿透雨累计输入Ca2+、K+、Mg2+和Na+总量分别为47.97、35.17、7.15和12.94 kg/hm2,树干茎流累计输入Ca2+、K+、Mg2+和Na+总量分别为11.38、6.21、1.54和3.00 kg/hm2;杉木人工林穿透雨累计输入Ca2+、K+、Mg2+和Na+总量分别为47.24、26.63、6.43和11.55 kg/hm2,树干茎流累计输入Ca2+、K+、Mg2+和Na+总量分别为4.11、1.20、0.50和0.83 kg/hm2.米槠次生林的林内雨盐基离子输入量大于杉木人工林.总体而言,米槠次生林比杉木人工林有更高的养分输入,能更好地维持生态系统养分的供应;上述结果有助于进一步认识森林物质随水文过程的流动,可为人工林经营管理提供一定科学基础数据.(图6表1参36)The fluxes of base cations along with throughfall and stemflow are an important part of element input in forests,but how this process varies among different forest types with varying canopy characteristics remains elusive.The concentration dynamics and inputs of K+,Ca2+,Na+,and Mg2+along with throughfall and stemflow in Castanopsis carlesii secondary forest and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations were assessed based on data from a 4-year field observation study.The results showed that the concentrations of Ca2+and Mg2+in stemflow were significantly lower in C.carlesii secondary forest than in C.lanceolata plantation,but K+concentration showed the opposite trend.The concentrations of K+,Ca2+,and Mg2+of throughfall in C.carlesii secondary forest were significantly higher than those in C.lanceolata plantation.Similar patterns were observed for the seasonal dynamic changes of these base cations along with throughfall or stemflow,with a peak value observed in both wet and dry seasons.The concentrations of these base cations were generally lower during the wet season than during the dry season.The concentration stabilities of these base cations of throughfall and stemflow in C.carlesii secondary forests were generally higher than those in C.lanceolata plantations.The rainfall intensity significantly affected the concentrations of these base cations.The concentrations of Ca2+,K+,and Mg2+decreased with increasing rainfall intensity,whereas Na+increased with increasing rainfall intensity.In C.carlesii secondary forest,the cumulative inputs of Ca2+,K+,Mg2+,and Na+through throughfall were 47.97,35.17,7.15,and 12.94 kg/hm~2,respectively,and through stemflow were 11.38,6.21,1.54,and 3.00 kg/hm~2,respectively.The cumulative inputs of these base cations in C.lanceolata plantation through throughfall were 47.24,26.63,6.43,and 11.55 kg/hm~2,respectively,and through stemflow were 4.11,1.20,0.50,and 0.83 kg/hm~2,respectively.Base cation inputs through throughfall and stemflow were higher in C.carlesii secondary forest than in C.lan

关 键 词：盐基离子 穿透雨 树干茎流 米槠次生林 杉木人工林 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]