全球变化对丛枝菌根真菌群落结构的影响研究进展  

Influences of global environmental changes on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities:a review

作　　者：曹际玲 林先贵[2] CAO Jiling;LIN Xiangui(Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resource and Ecology of Jiangxi Province,College of Land Resource and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西省鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室,南昌330045 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第6期1663-1672,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800520)资助。

摘　　要：丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM)真菌是生态系统地上地下部的重要连接体,对其群落结构特征的研究有助于菌种资源的发掘和生态系统的可持续发展.人类生产生活活动对全球环境带来了一系列的改变,如二氧化碳和臭氧浓度升高、氮沉降、增温及降水减少/增多等,全球环境变化对AM真菌群落结构的影响也引起了广泛关注.针对二氧化碳和臭氧浓度升高、增温、氮沉降和降水减少/增多等全球环境变化因子,总结其对AM真菌群落结构影响的国内外研究进展,探讨全球环境变化对AM真菌群落的可能作用途径.已有模拟全球环境变化实验研究主要集中于北半球的草原、农田和森林系统.大多研究发现二氧化碳和臭氧浓度升高未对AM真菌多样性产生不利影响,但使AM真菌群落结构显著分异.氮沉降和增温对AM真菌多样性的影响表现为降低、无显著影响和增加等多种情况,对AM真菌群落结构的影响也表现为未显著和显著分异,主要与模拟实验处理方式、增加幅度、土壤养分水平和生态系统类型等因素有关.降水减少未显著影响AM真菌群落结构和多样性,而降水增加使AM真菌群落结构发生显著分异.这些研究主要注重AM真菌群落结构和多样性如何改变等生态现象而潜在机理探索以及热带和南半球不同生态系统下的研究尚不足.另外,鉴于全球变化因子间的关联性,复合因子对AM真菌群落结构的影响值得重视.(图1表4参113)Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are an important link between aboveground and belowground terrestrial ecosystems that can form mutualistic associations with most land plants.Investigation of the AM fungal community structure may aid in the application of mycodiversity and sustainable development of ecosystems.Anthropogenic activities are currently causing a series of changes to the global environment such as elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and tropospheric ozone (O3) levels,nitrogen deposition,warming,and altered precipitation patterns.The influence of global changes on the AM fungal community structure has attracted increasing attention from researchers worldwide.This paper summarizes the advances in research on the effects of global change on AM fungal communities and analyzes the related possible mechanisms.Research indicates that almost all experiments evaluating the effects of global change on AM fungal communities have been conducted in grasslands,farmlands,and forests in the Northern Hemisphere.Most studies found that elevated CO2and O3concentrations did not show negative effects on AM fungal diversity but significantly shifted the AM fungal community composition.The effects of elevated CO2and O3on AM fungal community composition are likely to be indirect by in?uencing plant growth and subsequent carbon allocation,changing plant community structure,and soil properties.Nitrogen deposition and warming have neutral,negative,or positive effects on AM fungal diversity and have either limited or signi?cant in?uences on AM fungal community composition.The effects of nitrogen and warming primarily depend on the treatment methods and magnitude,soil nutritional levels,and ecosystem types.Decreased precipitation had no signi?cant in?uence on AM fungal communities,whereas increased precipitation significantly shifted the AM fungal community composition.Nitrogen deposition,warming,and altered precipitation patterns can directly affect the fungi themselves and indirectly alter the AM fungal community composition and div

关 键 词：全球环境变化 AM真菌 共生 多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]