煅烧-铵盐两步浸出法对磷矿浮选尾矿钙镁回收研究  

Recovery of calcium and magnesium from phosphate rock flotation tailings by calcination-ammonium salt two-step leaching process

作　　者：邓杰[1] 毛益林[1] 张俊辉[1] 邓善芝[1] 孙缘 段永华[2] 杨安仓 Deng Jie;Mao Yilin;Zhang Junhui;Deng Shanzhi;Sun Yuan;Duan Yonghua;Yang Ancang(Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China;Faculty of Material Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming Yunnan 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所,四川成都610041 [2]昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2023年第1期39-47,共9页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：中国地质调查项目(DD20190626)。

摘　　要：采用煅烧-铵盐两步浸出法对磷矿浮选尾矿中的钙和镁进行回收,考查了铵盐种类及用量、固液比、反应温度、反应时间等对氧化钙和氧化镁浸出率的影响。磷矿浮选尾矿的最佳煅烧温度为1000℃、煅烧时间为60 min。在氧化钙与氯化铵摩尔比为1∶2.2、固液比为1∶7、反应温度为35℃、反应时间为20 min的条件下,氧化钙的浸出率为56.69%,氧化镁的浸出率为4.29%,较好地实现了钙镁分离。在氧化镁与硫酸铵摩尔比为1∶1.4、固液比为1∶10、反应温度为90℃、反应时间为60 min的条件下,氧化镁的浸出率达83.43%。煅烧-铵盐两步浸出法能有效实现对磷矿浮选尾矿的二次利用。Calcium and magnesium were recovered from phosphate flotation tailings by calcination-ammonium salt two-step leaching process.The influence of the variety and dosage of ammonium salts,solid-liquid ratio,reaction temperature and reaction time on the leaching rate of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide were investigated.It is concluded that the optimum temperature and time for calcination of the phospahte flotation tailings were 1,000℃and 60 minutes respectively.Satisfactory separation of calcium from magnesium can be achieved at quicklime to ammonium chloride mole ratio of 1∶2.2,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶7,at reaction temperature of 35℃with reaction time of 20 minutes,resulting in 56.69%CaO leaching rate and 4.29%MgO leaching rate.With magnesium oxide to ammonium sulfate mole ratio of 1∶1.4,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶10,reaction temperature of 90℃and reaction time of 60 minutes,83.43%MgO leaching rate was obtained.The secondary utilization of phosphate flotation tailings is likely to be realized efficiently by calcination-ammonium salt two-step leaching process.

关 键 词：磷矿浮选尾矿 煅烧 浸出 氯化铵 硫酸铵 碳酸钙 氢氧化镁 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]