稻蟹生态种养模式水稻栽植方式筛选研究  

Study on the Evaluation of Rice Planting Methods in Rice-Crab Ecological Mode

作　　者：马亮 董立强 杨铁鑫 潘争艳 李志强[2] 孙富余[2] MA Liang;DONG Liqiang;YANG Tiexin;PAN Zhengyan;LI Zhiqiang;SUN Fuyu(Liaoning Rice Research Institute,Shenyang 110101,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Science,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水稻研究所,沈阳110101 [2]辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国稻米》2023年第1期113-116,共4页China Rice

基　　金：黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项资助(XDA28090300);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200200);辽宁省农业农村厅重点项目“优质高食味水稻新品种选育繁育示范推广”。

摘　　要：本研究在投放相同数量河蟹的基础上设置了“6比空”“12比空”和“18比空”3种水稻栽植方式,通过综合分析水稻产量、稻米品质和河蟹产量等数据,明确适宜稻蟹生态种养模式下机械化操作的最优水稻栽植方式。结果表明,与普通稻蟹种养模式下的水稻产量相比,比空栽植方式通过边行效应增加了单位面积有效穗数,补充了一部分由于空行引起的水稻产量缺失,同时降低了稻米蛋白质含量,提高了整精米率和河蟹的回捕率。综合水稻和河蟹收入,以“12比空”栽植模式的产投比最高,达到2.83,比水稻单一种植模式增收13575元/hm^(2),比普通稻蟹种养模式增收3120元/hm^(2),是稻蟹生态种养经济效益较优的水稻栽植方式之一。By comprehensively analyzing the data of rice yield,rice quality and river crab yield of the three rice planting methods(1empty line every 6 lines,1 empty line every 12 lines and 1 empty line every 18 lines),we studied the optimal rice planting method suitable for mechanized operation under the rice-crab ecological cultivation mode.The results showed that compared with the rice yield under the common rice-crab breeding mode,the effective panicle number was increased by the marginal effect,which supplemented a part of the loss of rice yield caused by the blank row.At the same time,the protein content of rice is reduced,and the head rice rate and the recapture rate of crabs are increased.Combining the economic benefits of rice and crab,the rice-crab ecological cultivation mode with“1 empty line every 12 lines”had the largest production-to-investment ratio of 2.84,an increase of 13802yuan/hm^(2) compared with the rice monoculture mode,and an increase of 2952 yuan/hm2compared with the conventional rice-crab cultivation mode.In summary,the rice-crab ecological cultivation mode with“1 empty line every 12 lines”was the most economical rice planting method for the rice-crab ecological cultivation.

关 键 词：稻蟹生态种养模式 水稻 栽植模式 产量 品质 经济效益 

分 类 号：S511.099[农业科学—作物学]