节俭与奢侈:生活的基本伦理问题  

Frugality and Luxury: The Basic Ethical Problems of Life

作　　者：唐代兴[1] 刘京东 TANG Dai-xing;LIU Jing-dong(Institute of ethics,Sichuan Normal University,ChengDu 61066,China;School of philosophy,Sichuan Normal University,ChengDu 61066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学伦理学研究所,四川成都610066 [2]四川师范大学哲学学院,四川成都610066

出　　处：《河北学刊》2023年第1期166-176,共11页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2019年度国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“以伦理为视角通解《论语》”(19FZXB025)。

摘　　要：奢侈与节俭,都是生活所必需的,并相生相克地既构成个人生活和劳动的动力,也成为社会生产和发展的动力。节制的原动力是“为了生活”,呈内敛性质,体现成人的美德;奢侈的原动力是“享受生活”,呈扩张性质,张扬成人的尊严。奢侈与节俭相生相克,必遵从限度生存的法则,形成奢俭适度的辩证法:奢侈逾度,必是恶;节俭逾度,亦是恶。以限度生存为依据,以奢俭适度为准则,建设奢俭适度的道德,必从社会和个人两个方面展开;努力于前,须着眼于奢俭适度的制度建设和政府表率;着手后者,公众性个人的奢俭适度,应以俭朴为原则;大众性个人的奢俭适度,宜鼓励通过勤劳创富而“足欲”。Luxury and frugality are both necessities of life, and are mutually reinforcing, constituting the driving force of individual life and labor, as well as the driving force of social production and development. The motivation of moderation is “for life”, which is introverted and reflects the virtue of adult;the motivation of luxury is “to enjoy life”, which is expansive and promotes the dignity of adult. Luxury and frugality are mutually exclusive and must follow the law of limited survival, forming a dialectic of extravagance and frugality in moderation: extravagance is evil if it exceeds the limit;frugality is also evil if it exceeds the limit. To build a morality of extravagance and frugality based on the limit of survival and the criterion of extravagance and frugality, we must start from two aspects: society and individuals. In the former, we must focus on the construction of the system of extravagant and frugal moderation and the government’s example;in the latter, the principle of frugality should be the principle of the public individual’s extravagant and frugal moderation;in the public individual’s extravagant and frugal moderation, it is appropriate to encourage the “sufficient desire” through hard work and wealth creation.

关 键 词：生活伦理 奢侈与节俭 限度生存 奢俭适度 道德建设 

分 类 号：C913.3[经济管理]