深埋薄基岩厚煤层开采顶板突水溃砂通道形成机理研究  

Study on Formation Mechanism of Water Inrush and Sand Break Channel in Roof During the Mining of Deep Buried Thin Bedrock and Thick Coal Seam

作　　者：姚宣成 刘家明 弓昊 YAO Xuancheng;LIU Jiaming;GONG Hao(CINF Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 41000l,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410019 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2022年第12期70-77,共8页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：我国中东部矿区相继进入深部开采阶段,为了研究深埋薄基岩厚煤层开采覆岩运动中突水溃砂通道的形成机理,采用室内试验、现场实测、理论分析、数值模拟等多种研究手段,开展了覆岩厚冲积层垮落形态、采动裂隙扩展路径以及薄基岩破断形式的研究。研究结果表明,厚冲积层的垮落形态呈对称冒落拱与非对称冒落拱交替循环出现,其中对称冒落拱的采动裂隙由高位厚冲积层起裂,并以Ⅰ类裂纹的形式向薄基岩双向向下扩展,导致薄基岩发生拉伸破断,工作面来压缓和;非对称冒落拱的采动裂隙由高位厚冲积层中萌生,以Ⅱ类裂纹形式向薄基岩单向向右下侧扩展,导致薄基岩发生剪切破断,工作面来压强烈;基于上限定理得出冒落拱的理论方程,预测结果与相似模拟试验所得数据吻合,可以用于冒落拱的形态演化预测。The mining areas in central and eastern China have successively entered the stage of deep mining.In order to study the formation mechanism of water inrush and sand break channel in overburden movement of deep-buried thin bedrock thick coal seam mining,various research methods such as indoor test,field measurement,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were adopted.The collapse form of thick alluvial layer,the propagation path of mining-induced fissures and the fracture form of thin bedrock were studied.Research results show that the collapse of thick alluvial layer appears in the form of alternating cycles of symmetrical and asymmetrical caving arch.The mining-induced fissures of symmetrical caving arch start from the high thick alluvial layer and extend downward to the thin bedrock in the form of ClassⅠcracks,leading to the tensile fracture of the thin bedrock,and the ease of working face pressure.The mining-induced fissures of the asymmetric caving arch originate from the high thick alluvial layer and in the form of typeⅡcracks,it extends unidirectionally to the lower right side of thin bedrock,resulting in the shear fracture of the thin bedrock and intense pressure of the working face.Based on the upper bound theorem,the theoretical equation of caving arch has been obtained,and the prediction results are consistent with the data from similar simulation tests,which can be used to predict the evolution form of caving arch.

关 键 词：深埋薄基岩 厚冲积层 采动裂隙 突水溃砂 冒落拱 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]