2024铝合金直接化学镀镍工艺及镀层性能  

Direct electroless nickel plating on 2024 aluminum alloy and properties of the coating

作　　者：宿辉 张迎 原小寓 付雅琦 SU Hui;ZHANG Ying;YUAN Xiaoyu;FU Yaqi(College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Harbin 150050,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江工程学院材料与化学工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150050

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2023年第1期24-30,共7页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2020E112);黑龙江省省属本科高校基本科研业务费科研项目(2022GJ09,2021BJ01,2017BJ34);黑龙江工程学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202211802149)。

摘　　要：以2024铝合金为基体,开发了环保的直接化学镀镍工艺。研究了前处理工艺、镀液pH和温度对化学镀镍的影响,得到较佳的工艺为:先采用10%(体积分数)盐酸+10 g/L Na_(2)MoO_(4)溶液室温酸洗1~2 min,再采用10 g/L NaOH+25 g/L Na_(2)MoO_(4)溶液室温活化5 min,最后采用由Ni SO_(4)·6H_(2)O 25 g/L、NaH_(2)PO_(2)·H_(2)O 30 g/L、Na_(3)C_(6)H_(5)O_(7)·2H_(2)O 15~20 g/L、丁二酸5~10 g/L和复合稳定剂3~5 mg/L组成的镀液在pH=4.4、温度为86℃的条件下化学镀Ni–P合金。在较佳条件下所得到的Ni–P合金镀层均匀致密,P质量分数为12.42%,为高磷非晶态合金镀层,结合力合格,显微硬度为498 HV,耐蚀性良好。An environmentally friendly direct electroless plating process for 2024 aluminum alloy was developed.The effects of pretreatment process and pH and temperature of plating bath on the deposition of nickel were studied.The process flow was optimized as follows:(i)pickle in a solution comprising 10%(volume fraction)chloric acid and 10 g/L Na_(2)MoO_(4)at room temperature for 1-2 min;(ii)activate in a solution composed of 10 g/L NaOH and 25 g/L Na_(2)Mo O_(4)at room temperature for 5 min;and(iii)conduct electroless Ni–P alloy plating in a bath containing NiSO_(4)·6H_(2)O 25 g/L,NaH_(2)PO_(2)·H_(2)O 30 g/L,Na_(3)C_(6)H_(5)O_(7)·2H_(2)O 15-20 g/L,succinic acid 5-10 g/L,and composite stabilizer 3-5 mg/L at pH 4.4 and temperature 86℃.The Ni–P alloy coating prepared thereby was amorphous with uniform and compact surface,high mass fraction of phosphorus(12.42%),qualified adhesion,a microhardness of 498 HV,and excellent corrosion resistance.

关 键 词：铝合金 直接化学镀 镍 环境友好 耐蚀性 显微硬度 

分 类 号：TQ153.12[化学工程—电化学工业]