铁碳微电解材料微污染水体净化试验研究  

Experimental Study on Purification of Micro-Polluted Water by Iron-Carbon Microelectro-lysis Materials

作　　者：崔晓宇 张朋飞 彭文启[1] 骆辉煌[1] 赵进勇[1] CUI Xiaoyu;ZHANG Pengfei;PENG Wenqi;LUO Huihuang;ZHAO Jinyong(Department of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Architecture,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,水生态环境研究所,北京100038 [2]河北建筑工程学院市政与环境工程系,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《净水技术》2023年第1期128-137,共10页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家“十三五”水专项:永定河(北京段)河流廊道生态修复技术与示范课题(2018ZX07101005);国家“十三五”水专项:永定河生态廊道构建与水质水量联合调度研究与示范课题(2018ZX07105-002)。

摘　　要：我国部分城市中小河湖由于流量小、补水少等原因,形成了微污染水体,此类水体自净能力弱,易发生富营养化和黑臭等现象,从而影响城市水体的水生态环境功能和景观使用功能。文中使用自制铁碳微电解材料开展微污染水体修复试验研究。首先通过小试试验筛选最佳工艺条件,即材料投加比为10∶100(材料体积∶水体积)、反应初始pH值为7.0和反应时间为8.0 h,此条件下NO-3-N、TN、TP及叶绿素a的去除率分别达到97.2%、86.3%、99.1%和68.8%。随后利用该微电解材料开展实际自然景观微污染水体原位修复试验,通过铁碳微电解材料的投加,水体中的氮、磷含量大幅度减少,并可原位持续修复70 d以上,水体中氨氮、TN和TP去除率分别达到94.9%、81.4%和高于91.0%。与此同时,微电解的电化学特性对藻类细胞表现出良好的抑制作用,叶绿素a质量浓度由初始的288.64μg/L降至59.60μg/L,去除率达到79.0%以上,并随着修复时间的延长含量持续降低。该研究扩大了铁碳微电解技术的应用范围,为微污染水体净化领域提供新的技术方法。In some cities of China,because of the slow flow and low water supply,small rivers and lakes have low self-purification capacity and are easy to get eutrophic,black and stinky,which have negative impacts on the water ecological environment function and landscape function of urban water body.Self-made iron-carbon microelectrolysis materials was used to repair the retarded water body in this paper.First,small test experiment was carried to screen out the best technological condition.The material ratio was 10∶100(material volume∶water volume),the initial reaction pH value was 7.0 and the reaction time was 8.0 h.Under these conditions,the removal rates of NO-3-N,TN,TP and chlorophyll a reached 97.2%,86.3%,99.1%and 68.8%,respectively.Then,the repair test was carried out on natural retarded water body by using the self-made iron-carbon microelectrolysis materials.With the increase of the iron-carbon microelectrolysis materials dosage in the water,the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus decrease dramatically,and the sustained remediation was more than 70 d.The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP in the water body was 94.9%,81.4%and more than 91.0%.At the same time,the electrochemistry characteristic of microelectrolysis had good inhibition on algae.The mass concentration of chlorophyll a decreased from 288.64μg/L to 59.60μg/L.The removal rate was more than 79.0%,and content decreased with the extension of remediation time.The research expanded the application of iron-carbon microelectrolysis materials and provided new technical methods for the micro-polluted water purification.

关 键 词：铁碳微电解 微污染水体 原位净化 富营养化控制 氮磷去除 协同作用 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]