长江流域赣皖区域城市水生态环境特征解析及整治对策  

Analysis of the characteristics of water eco-environment and comprehensive countermeasures for cities in Jiangxi and Anhui region of the Yangtze River Basin

作　　者：曾令武 王峥 朱洪涛[1,2] 孙德智[1,2] ZENG Lingwu;WANG Zheng;ZHU Hongtao;SUN Dezhi(Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution,Beijing Forestry University;Research Center for Source Control and Eco-remediation of Water Pollution,Beijing Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,水体污染源控制技术北京市重点实验室 [2]北京林业大学,污染水体源控与生态修复技术北京高校工程研究中心

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2023年第1期36-46,共11页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家长江生态环境保护修复联合研究项目(第一期)(2021-长江项目-001-W-004)。

摘　　要：近年来长江流域赣皖区域城镇化水平不断提高,但城市污水收集处理设施建设滞后导致大量污染物排入城市水体,使城市水生态环境遭到破坏。以区域内19个城市为研究对象,从水环境、水资源、水生态和水安全4个方面总结了区域城市水生态环境特征;基于文献资料调研及相关污染源的污染负荷计算,剖析了造成水生态环境问题的内在原因。结果表明:城镇生活源为区域内多数城市第一大污染源;用水效率偏低加剧了城市水资源短缺现象;城市化的建设使区域内湖泊富营养化风险突出,水生态系统受损严重;有色金属采矿及发达的航运造成河湖重金属和航运污染风险突出。针对上述问题,提出了包含城市点源与面源污染防治、节水型城市构建、富营养化风险控制和有色金属及航运码头污染控制的水生态环境综合整治对策建议。In recent years,the urbanization rate in Jiangxi and Anhui region of the Yangtze River Basin has been increasing,but due to the lag in the construction of urban sewage collection and treatment facilities,a large number of pollutants have been discharged into the urban water bodies,and the urban water eco-environment has been damaged.Taking 19 cities in the region as the study object,the characteristics of regional urban water ecoenvironment were summarized from the aspects of water environment quality,water resources,water ecology and water security,and the intrinsic factors causing water eco-environmental problems were analyzed by means of literature survey and calculation of pollution load of relevant pollution sources.The results showed that:urban domestic sources were the largest source of pollution in most cities;low water use efficiency had aggravated urban water shortage;the construction of urbanization had made the lake eutrophication risk prominent,and water ecosystem seriously damaged;the development of non-ferrous metal mining and shipping had caused prominent risk of heavy metal and shipping pollution in rivers and lakes.In view of the above problems,comprehensive treatment countermeasures and suggestions for water eco-environment,including urban point source,non-point source pollution prevention,water-saving city construction,eutrophication risk control and non-ferrous metal and shipping terminal pollution control,were proposed.

关 键 词：长江流域赣皖区域 城市水生态环境 问题解析 综合整治对策 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]