常州某纺织工业园区周边PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中重金属源解析及健康风险评估  

Source analysis and health risk assessment of heavy metals in PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) around a textile industrial park in Changzhou

作　　者：吴庆瑶 张丽娟 丁平 郭震 李歆 黄楚珊 蔡丹 李廷真 胡国成 WU Qingyao;ZHANG Lijuan;DING Ping;GUO Zhen;LI Xin;HUANG Chushan;CAI Dan;LI Tingzhen;HU Guocheng(South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment;School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment;School of Public Health and Emergency Management,Southern University of Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 [2]重庆三峡学院环境与化学工程学院 [3]国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室 [4]南方科技大学公共卫生及应急管理学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2023年第1期114-121,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1801505)。

摘　　要：以江苏省常州市典型纺织工业园区为例,在其周边区域采集PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)样品,通过微波消解的前处理方法,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定样品中的Sb、Co、V、Pb、Cd、As、Cu、Ni和Cr浓度,分析夏、冬两季样品中重金属浓度特征及季节变化规律,利用正定矩阵因子模型(PMF)和美国国家环境保护局(US EPA)健康风险评估模型评估其来源及健康风险。结果表明:该纺织工业园区周边夏、冬两季PM_(2.5)的平均浓度分别为64.41和109.29μg/m^(3),PM_(10)的平均浓度分别为89.08和146.65μg/m^(3),冬季PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度水平分别是夏季的1.70和1.65倍,均呈冬季大于夏季的特征;纺织工业园区周边大气颗粒物中As出现超标现象,最大超标倍数为GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》参考浓度限值的33.3倍,冬季各金属浓度水平均大于夏季;PMF模型分析表明,纺织工业园区周边区域PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中各重金属的主要来源为道路扬尘和工业排放复合源,其在夏、冬季的贡献率分别为59.7%、64.2%;健康风险模型表明,暴露在冬季PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中,儿童的总非致癌风险系数分别为1.13和1.20(>1.00),存在非致癌风险,男性和女性的Cr、As致癌风险指数均超过阈值(10-6~10-4),存在致癌风险,处于不可接受水平。Taking a typical textile industrial park in Changzhou City,Jiangsu Province as an example,PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)samples were collected in the surrounding areas.Through the microwave pretreatment method,the contents of Sb,Co,V,Pb,Cd,As,Cu,Ni,and Cr in PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)were obtained using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer(ICP-MS).The characteristics and seasonal variation of heavy metal concentrations in summer and winter were analyzed,and the sources and health risks of heavy metals were evaluated using the positive definite matrix factor model(PMF)and the US EPA health risk assessment model.The results showed that the mean values of PM_(2.5)around the textile industrial park in summer and winter were 64.41 and 109.29μg/m^(3),respectively,and the mean values of PM_(10)were 89.08 and 146.65μg/m^(3),respectively.Both PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)concentrations were higher in winter than in summer.PM_(2.5)content in winter was about 1.70 times that in summer,and PM_(10)content in winter was about 1.65 times that in summer.Particulate matter around the textile industrial park exceeded the standard,with the maximum over-standard multiple being 33.3 times of the reference concentration limit of the Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB 3095-2012),and the levels of metal elements in winter were greater than in summer.PMF model analysis showed that the main sources of heavy metals in PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)in the surrounding areas of the textile industrial park were road dust and industrial emissions,contributing 59.7%and 64.2%in summer and winter,respectively.The health risk model showed that in winter,exposure to the PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)had a non-carcinogenic risk to children,and the total non-carcinogenic risk value were 1.13 and 1.20,respectively.The carcinogenic risk indexes of Cr and As were not within the threshold range(10-6-10-4),which was at an unacceptable level.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) PM_(10) 重金属 污染特征 源解析 健康风险 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]