飞行员载人离心机训练结果横断面分析  

Cross-sectional analysis of the results from manned centrifuge training for pilots

作　　者：杨景慧 金朝 徐艳 张立辉 耿喜臣 李宝辉 蒋科 王海霞 王红 李毅峰 林榕 张小雪 杨明浩 卫晓阳 YANG Jinghui;JIN Zhao;XU Yan;ZHANG Lihui;GENG Xichen;LI Baohui;JIANG Ke;WANG Haixia;WANG Hong;LI Yifeng;LIN Rong;ZHANG Xiaoxue;YANG Minghao;WEI Xiaoyang(Department of Acceleration Physiology,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;Department of Aviation Psychology,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心加速度生理研究室,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心航空心理研究室,北京100142

出　　处：《空军军医大学学报》2023年第1期58-61,共4页Journal of Air Force Medical University

基　　金：军内科研重点项目(BKJ20J005,KJ20211A030248)。

摘　　要：目的分析探讨飞行员载人离心机训练通过率及判定方法。方法采用横断面调查法收集741例空军特色医学中心参加载人离心机训练部分飞行员,分析不同年龄段(20~25岁、26~30岁、31~35岁、36~40岁、>40岁)及不同飞行时长(<1000 h、1000~<2000 h、≥2000 h)飞行员各载荷(6.0、8.0、9.0 G)训练通过率、视野与意识状态变化分布以及主诉耐力终点与综合判定终点的差异。结果共有739名飞行员参加6.0 G载荷训练,训练通过率为99.6%;640名飞行员参加8.0 G载荷训练,训练通过率为97.7%;115名飞行员参加9.0 G载荷训练,训练通过率为92.2%。年龄分层分析结果显示,参加8.0 G训练飞行员中20~25岁及36~40岁年龄段训练通过率高于26~30岁及31~35岁年龄段(χ^(2)=9.710,P<0.05),超过40岁后,训练通过率则明显下降(χ^(2)=9.987,P<0.01)。不同飞行时长(<1000 h、1000~<2000 h、≥2000 h)的飞行员各载荷训练通过率虽有所不同,但差异无统计学意义。不同载荷训练飞行员出现视觉症状及意识丧失比例随载荷升高而升高(χ^(2)=109.8,P<0.01)。不同载荷训练飞行员主诉评定法与综合评定法评价耐力终点结果高度一致,但两种评定方法评定一致率随训练载荷值增高而显著下降(χ^(2)=21.530,P<0.01)。结论不同年龄飞行员载人离心机训练通过率不同,飞行员年龄和飞行经验均影响飞行员抗荷能力,现有的载人离心机训练耐力主客观判定方法一致可靠,能较好地指导飞行员载人离心机训练。Objective To analyze and discuss the pass rate and determination method of manned centrifuge training for pilots.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect 741 pilots who participated in manned centrifuge training at Air Force Medical Center.The pass rates,distribution changes of visual field and consciousness state,and differences between the chief complaint endurance endpoint and comprehensive evaluation endpoint of different loads(6.0,8.0,and 9.0 G)for pilots of different ages(20–25 years old,26–30 years old,31–35 years old,36–40 years old,and>40 years old)and different flight hours(<1000 h,1000<2000 h,and≥2000 h)were analyzed.Results A total of 739 pilots participated in 6.0 G training,with a pass rate of 99.6%,640 pilots participated in 8.0 G training,with a pass rate of 97.7%,and 115 pilots participated in 9.0 G training,with a pass rate of 92.2%.Age stratification analysis showed that the training pass rates of 20–25 age group and 36–40 age group were higher than those of 26–30 age group and 31–35 age group(χ^(2)=9.710,P<0.05),while the pass rate of pilots aged over 40 years old decreased significantly(χ^(2)=9.987,P<0.01).Although the training pass rates of pilots with different flight hours(<1000 h,1000~<2000 h,≥2000 h)were different,the difference was not statistically significant.The proportion of visual symptoms and loss of consciousness in pilots under different loads increased with the increase of load(χ^(2)=109.8,P<0.01).The chief complaint and comprehensive evaluation methods were highly consistent in the evaluation of endurance endpoints of pilots under different loads,but the consistency rate of the two evaluation methods decreased significantly with the increase of training load(χ^(2)=21.530,P<0.01).Conclusion The pass rate of manned centrifuge training is different for pilots of different ages.The age and flight experience both affect the anti-G ability of pilots.The current subjective and objective judgment methods for the pilots endurance in manned centr

关 键 词：加速度 飞行员 载人离心机训练 横断面分析 

分 类 号：R851.2[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]