典型铅锌矿山周边土壤和地下水环境风险分析  

Environmental Risk Analysis of Soils and Ground Water in a Typical Pb-Zn Mine

作　　者：刘紫薇 范书凯 张萌 LIU Zi-wei;FAN Shu-kai;ZHANG Meng(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2023年第1期88-91,共4页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1801702)。

摘　　要：为探究某典型铅锌矿区选矿及配套尾矿库对周边土壤和地下水环境产生的风险,筛选了存在土壤及地下水污染隐患的区域及设施,在矿区设定长期监测点位对矿区周边土壤、地下水进行了环境监测,并开展了环境风险分析。现状调查结果表明,地下水pH、As和Zn超过地下水Ⅲ类标准,pH最大超标倍数为0.56,选厂废水处理系统处As和Zn分别超标0.23和0.17倍。选厂同点位Pb和As超过第二类用地筛选值标准,超标倍数分别为1.486倍和0.767倍。Pb、Zn、As的超标可能是矿区环境本底高导致的,也有可能是长期废水处理及选厂废气重金属沉降经地表渗流下渗造成的。建议矿山在长期监测计划中增加地下水背景监测点,更全面掌控矿区地下水环境质量动态状况。In order to investigate the environmental risk of mineral processing and tailing reservoir on a typical lead-zinc mine site, the areas and facilities with potential soil and groundwater contamination were screened, and a long-term monitoring plan of the surrounding soil and groundwater in-site were set to analyze environmental risks.The result of survey indicates that the pH value, As and Zn of groundwater exceed the Class Ⅲ of Groundwater Standards, with the maximum exceedance of 0.56 times for pH value, and 0.23 and 0.17 times for As and Zn respectively at the wastewater treatment system of processing plant.Pb and As in the soil at the same point of the processing plant exceed the screening value standard of the second category of land, with the exceedance of 1.486 and 0.767 times for Pb and As respectively.The analysis shows that the exceedance of Pb, Zn and As is either caused by the high background of the mine site, or caused by the long-term surface percolation of wastewater and heavy metal deposition of unorganized atmospheric pollutant sources.The research suggests that the monitoring points for groundwater background values should be increased in the long-term monitoring plan at the mine site to comprehensively understand the dynamic condition of the groundwater quality in the mine site.

关 键 词：铅锌矿山 尾矿库 重金属 污染评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52