现实主义作品中的超时代性“典型”——以《平凡的世界》与《白鹿原》为阐释中心  

Reflection on “Typical” Traits for the Transcendence of Time in Realistic Novels——Focusing on The Ordinary World and White Deer Plain

作　　者：赵书豪 Zhao Shuhao(School of Humanities,Kashi University,Kashi 844000,China)

机构地区：[1]喀什大学人文学院,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2022年第11期145-148,共4页Journal of Heihe University

基　　金：喀什大学研究生科研创新项目“现实主义戏剧化表征与‘真实性’重释——论陈彦的‘舞台三部曲’”(2021KRY008)。

摘　　要：“典型环境”与“典型人物”是现实主义创作的基本理论问题,伴随着马克思主义中国化进程,作为其有机组成部分的马克思主义文艺理论也在中国化的过程中发生了新变,对“典型环境”与“典型人物”的阐释当立于足下,承于历史,展于未来。现实主义作品无法规避地要反映人类生存平衡的构建及历史变革期矛盾对立统一所产生的情绪共鸣,其文本中“典型环境中的典型人物”具有时代性,但不囿于时代。进入21世纪后,以历史的意识与发展的自觉重释“典型环境”与“典型人物”,可以看到现实主义文学创作中的两大规律:一是对人性的丰富表达;二是对其所处环境的立体性考察。在“典型环境”与“典型人物”的互渗互构中催生超时代性的现实主义大书写。“Typical environment” and “typical characters” are the basic theoretical issues of realistic creating. Marxist theory, which is an organic part in the process of Sinicization of Marxism, has undergone new changes in the process of Sinicization. The interpretation of “typical environment” and “typical characters” should be based on the reality, inherited from the history, and developed for the future. The realistic works must reflect the construction of the balance of human existence and the emotional resonance generated by the contradiction and unity of opposites in the period of historical change. The “typical characters in typical environment” in the text has the characteristics of the times, but it should not get limited to the times. After entering the 21st century, we should reinterpret “typical environment” and “typical characters” with the consciousness of history and the consciousness of development, and show two major laws in the creation of realistic literature: the rich expression of human nature and the three-dimensional investigation of its environment. The great writing of realism with the transcendence of the times gets generated in the interinfiltration and interconstruction of “typical environment” and “typical characters”.

关 键 词：《平凡的世界》 《白鹿原》 典型环境 典型人物 超时代性 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]