矮化中间砧栽植深度对‘金红’苹果树生长及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Dwarfing Interstock Planting Depth on the Growth and Fruit Quality of’Jinhong’Apple Trees

作　　者：戈慧敏 Ge Huimin(Shanxi Yuncheng Vocational and Technical College of Agricultural,Yuncheng,044000)

机构地区：[1]山西运城农业职业技术学院,运城044000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第21期7303-7308,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：山西运城农业职业技术学院资助。

摘　　要：矮化密植是苹果树优化种植最常用的方式之一。为了研究矮化中间砧的不同栽植深度对盛果期金红苹果树生长和果实品质的影响,本试验以7年生的金红苹果树为研究对象,分别设置了栽植深度为0~5 cm、5~15 cm、15~25 cm、25~35 cm四种处理。从树体长势、各类树枝生长量、新梢树枝生长量研究了不同栽植深度对果树生长的影响,从果实的果形指数、着色指数、果实表面光洁度分析了不同栽植深度对果实品质状况的影响。试验结果表明,矮化中间砧M26不同栽植深度下,金红苹果树的生长及果实品质呈现显著差异。当栽植深度为15~25 cm时,金红苹果的树体长势、枝条数量和果实的果形、着色度、光洁度处于最佳状态,但金红苹果树的新梢树枝生长状况并未因栽植深度的不同呈现明显差异。本研究结果初步表明,选择适合的砧苗栽植深度对于苹果树的生长和经济效益具有重要作用。Dwarfing and dense planting is one of the most commonly used methods for optimal planting of apple trees.In order to study the effects of different planting depths of dwarfing interstocks on the growth and fruit quality of Jinhong apple trees in full fruit period,this experiment took Jinhong apple trees of seven years old as the research object,and set four treatments with planting depths of 0~5 cm,5~15 cm,15~25 cm and 25~35 cm respectively.The effects of different planting depths on the growth of fruit trees were studied from tree growth,the growth of various branches and the growth of new shoots.The effects of different planting depths on fruit quality were analyzed from fruit shape index,coloring index and fruit surface finish.The results showed that the growth and fruit quality of Jinhong apple trees were significantly different under different planting depths of dwarfing inter stock M26.When the planting depth is 15~25 cm,the tree growth,the number of branches,the fruit shape,coloring degree and the smoothness of the fruit are in the best state,but the growth of the new branches of the Jinhong apple tree does not show significant differences due to the different planting depths.The results of this study preliminarily showed that the selection of suitable planting depth of rootstock seedlings played an important role in the growth and economic benefits of apple trees.

关 键 词：金红苹果 矮化中间砧 栽植深度 树体生长 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]