全运会自由式摔跤夺金运动员张崇瑶赛前个性化体能训练效果的研究  

Research on the Effect of Pre-competition Individualized Physical Training for Freestyle Wrestler Winning Gold Medal in National Games

作　　者：赵凡[1] 张崇瑶 闫琪 ZHAO Fan;ZHANG Chongyao;YAN Qi(Beijing Research Institute of Sports Science,Beijing 100075,China;Beijing Muxiyuan Sports Technical School,Beijing 100075,China;China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市体育科学研究所,北京100075 [2]北京市木樨园体育运动技术学校,北京100075 [3]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2022年第11期19-25,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：中国摔跤协会科技服务工作(CWA2021-005);北京市重点项目科研攻关与科技服务专项(2022BTP001)。

摘　　要：目的:通过对优秀男子自由式摔跤运动员张崇瑶(备战时32岁)伤病复出备战第13届全运会期间个性化体能诊断和赛前针对性体能训练的研究,探析该项目经验丰富的大年龄运动员个性化体能训练、体能水平提高的思路。方法:通过对心率、身体功能测试、身体成分、膝关节等速肌力、肌肉力量及功率、最大摄氧量和无氧功等指标的监控,了解训练期间机体变化和体能水平的改变。结果:通过个性化诊断了解薄弱环节,在预赛到决赛期间制定完整的体能训练周期计划,改善薄弱环节,优化身体成分,提高核心力量,增强下肢稳定性,提升专项力量及无氧耐力水平,在大强度体能训练后采用超低温冷疗帮助运动员缓解疲劳,快速恢复。结论:诊断、训练、评估、恢复各个环节紧密衔接,使得张崇瑶体能水平大幅度提高,适应高强度比赛的能力得到最大提升,全运会赛前测试评估显示其体能和身体机能都达到个人最好水平,并在比赛中表现优异,夺得冠军。Objective: Through the research and summary of personalized physical fitness diagnosis and targeted physical fitness training before the 13th National Games of elite 32 years male freestyle wrestler Zhang Chongyao whom returns from injury, it is expected to provide reference for the older athletes with rich experience in personalized physical fitness training and improving the physical fitness level. Methods: It could be found that the changes of body and physical fitness level during training through the test of heart rate, physical functi.on test, body composition, isokinetic muscle strength of knee joint, muscle strength and power, VO2max, anaerobic work and other indicators. Results: Through the personalized diagnosis, it could be found the weakness, then developing a complete physical training cycle plan from the preliminary to the final, improving the weakness and also optimizing the body composition, improving core strength, enhancing the stability of lower limbs, greatly improve the special strength and anaerobic endurance. After the high-intensity physical training, using ultra-low temperature cold therapy to help athletes relieve fatigue and promote recovery. Conclusions: Diagnosis, training, evaluation and recovery are closely linked, which make Zhang Chongyao’s physical fitness and ability to adapt to high intensity improve greatly. Pre-competition test and evaluation of National Games shows that his physical fitness and function have reached his best state, finally he made a good performance in men’s freestyle wrestling during National Games, and won the gold.

关 键 词：男子自由式摔跤 个性化体能训练 恢复 

分 类 号：G886.2[文化科学—体育训练]