化工产品中氨基的保护与脱保护  

Protection and deprotection of amino in chemical products

作　　者：郭艳浩 蒿庆辉 郝思媛 张亚通[1] 苏荣 段迎梅 Guo Yanhao;Hao Qinghui;Hao Siyuan;Zhang Yatong;Su Rong;Duan Yingmei(College of Science,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学理学院,石家庄050018

出　　处：《煤炭与化工》2022年第12期106-112,116,共8页Coal and Chemical Industry

摘　　要：基于化工产品中含有的氨基的活泼性,可参与多种反应,如与酸反应生成盐,胺的酰化(酰卤、酸酐、羧酸、酯都可以和氨反应得到酰胺)和醛酮反应等,为达到目标产物的要求,通常需对氨基进行保护,避免其参与反应。综合介绍了常用的几种氨基保护与脱保护的方法,列出了每种方法的反应条件和收率等;综述了酰基化、烷基化、烷氧羰基化、质子化反应和螯合反应这5类方法及相关实例,并评价了各类方法的优缺点。研究有助于提高氨基的保护与脱保护在化工产品中的应用,为相关化合物从实验室探究合成条件到工厂生产提供了参考。Based on the activity of amino contained in chemical products,it can participate in a variety of reactions,such as reaction with acid to form salt,acylation of amine(acyl halide,acid anhydride,carboxylic acid,ester can react with ammonia to obtain amide)and aldehyde-ketone reaction,etc.,in order to meet the requirements of the target product,it is usually necessary to protect the amino from participating in the reaction.Several common methods of amino protection and deprotection were comprehensively introduced,and the reaction conditions and yield of each method were listed;five kinds of methods,including acylation,alkylation,alkoxy carbonylation,protonation reaction and chelation reaction,and their related examples were summarized,and their advantages and disadvantages of each method were evaluated.The research is helpful to improve the application protection and deprotection of amino in chemical products,and provides a reference for related compounds from exploring synthesis conditions in the laboratory to factory production.

关 键 词：氨基 氨基的保护 酰基化 烷基化 烷氧羰基化 氨基的脱保护 

分 类 号：TQ20[化学工程—有机化工]