参数化景观视线分析方法及应用研究——以澳门地区为例  

Parametric Landscape Sightline Analysis Method and its Application Research:Taking Macao as an Example

作　　者：陈以乐 郑亮 郑剑艺 CHEN Yile;ZHENG Liang;ZHENG Jianyi

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学人文艺术学院、空间信息技术在文化遗产保护中的应用研究国家文物局重点科研基地(清华大学)港珠澳工作站,中国澳门

出　　处：《南方建筑》2023年第1期97-106,共10页South Architecture

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项学术团队项目(21VJXT011):广州一口通商时期东西方建筑文化交互影响研究。

摘　　要：景观视线分析是城市设计实践和研究领域的关键之一,尤其是对于城市中的重要景点的可视区域和建筑遮挡的准确控制。在城市迅猛发展下,历史城镇景观的保护与城市建设高度的开发争议不断。通过运用参数化软件作为模拟分析平台,建立一种基于视点和景点之间三维连线并扣除建筑物遮挡后所得到的虚拟户外空间人眼纺锤形视线观察方法。以澳门地区东望洋山周边区域和南湾湖片区为例,计算得出东望洋山周边的户外空间可视区域,以及主教山小堂和海面眺望视线控制下的南湾湖片区建筑形态和高度。计算结果表明,参数化景观视线分析方法实现了量化、高效、可视化的目的,后续有利于指导城市景观风貌的保护和规划设计。Landscape sight protection originated from landscape protection in the landscape-planning systems of various countries in the early 20th century. For example, in 1919, Kyoto,Japan, formulated the "Urban Building Law" to control the height of residential areas. In 1923, Austrian state law emphasized the coordination of architecture and scenery. In 1938,height control was instituted around the Great Fire of London monument. Landscape sightline analysis is important to urban design practice and research,especially for accurately controlling the visible area and building occlusion of important urban scenic spots.With rapid urban development, historical urban landscape protections and urban construction heights are frequently in conflict.In response to current uncontrolled rapid development that seriously threatens urban heritage protections, UNESCO has proposed a historic urban landscape(HUL) theory and method. The protection and management of world heritage landscapes and an exploration of the analysis method for viewing important scenic spots are both needed for coordinating urban development with the needs of these historic sites.Although landscape sight lines and viewing corridors play an important role in urban landscape protection, current research and practices are still mainly based on qualitative analysis and twodimensional geometric analysis of specific sections, which are then extended to neighbouring areas. In the UK, the landscape view gallery uses a two-dimensional analysis that combines the plane and section of an architectural form, which cannot fully account for its complexity and therefore differs significantly from the actual situation;hence, computer simulation must be introduced to ensure accuracy.The French spindle control method is relatively comprehensive, but its geometric calculation method is cumbersome and requires manual calculation.Therefore, this study used parametric software as a simulation analysis platform to establish a human eye spindle-shaped sight observation method in virtual o

关 键 词：景观视线分析 纺锤形控制 建筑形态管控 GRASSHOPPER 城市设计 澳门地区 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]